Exam question 1 · Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 7: Pinocchio…

Which of the following most accurately describes the reason that Pinocchio was unable to speak to the thieves?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Pinocchio · What happens: follow, describe, be, speak · To what, where: reason · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1394 «Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 7: Pinocchio runs from two Assassins and begs a silent maiden at a white cottage» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 describes	advmod
7	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 reason	det
9	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 describes	obj
10	that	that	SCONJ	_	13 unable	mark
11	Pinocchio	Pinocchio	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 unable	nsubj
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 unable	cop
13	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 reason	acl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 speak	mark
15	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 unable	xcomp
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 thieves	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 thieves	det
18	thieves	thief	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 speak	obl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the reason	accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
3	is	past	Pinocchio	the reason not said here	unable property	tree rules
4	speak speech: other	to-infinitive	Pinocchio not said here		to the thieves	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to thief=Co-Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The gold pieces were held within his mouth, which was sealed shut by the Assassins' knife.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pieces	det
2	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pieces	compound
3	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 held	nsubj:pass
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 held	aux:pass
5	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	within	within	ADP	_	8 mouth	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 mouth	nmod:poss
8	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 held	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 sealed	punct
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 sealed	nsubj:pass
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 sealed	aux:pass
12	sealed	seal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 mouth	acl:relcl
13	shut	shut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 sealed	xcomp
14	by	by	ADP	_	18 knife	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Assassins	det
16	Assassins	assassin	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 knife	nmod:poss
17	'	's	PART	_	16 Assassins	case
18	knife	knife	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 shut	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 held	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	hold	past · passive	the gold pieces	within his mouth	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	seal	past · passive	his mouth		tree rules
3	shut	participle		by the Assassins's knife	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

The gold pieces were held within his mouth, under his tongue, so they clinked.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pieces	det
2	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pieces	compound
3	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 held	nsubj:pass
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 held	aux:pass
5	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	within	within	ADP	_	8 mouth	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 mouth	nmod:poss
8	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 held	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 tongue	punct
10	under	under	ADP	_	12 tongue	case
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 tongue	nmod:poss
12	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 held	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 clinked	punct
14	so	so	ADV	_	16 clinked	advmod
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 clinked	nsubj
16	clinked	clink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 held	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 held	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	past · passive		the gold pieces		his tongue		within his mouth	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme under tongue=Location
2	clink	past	pieces = piece						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The gold pieces were hidden in his pocket.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pieces	det
2	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pieces	compound
3	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 hidden	nsubj:pass
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 hidden	aux:pass
5	hidden	hide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 pocket	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 pocket	nmod:poss
8	pocket	pocket	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hidden	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 hidden	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	past · passive		the gold pieces		his pocket			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient in pocket=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The gold pieces were held within his mouth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pieces	det
2	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pieces	compound
3	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 held	nsubj:pass
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 held	aux:pass
5	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	within	within	ADP	_	8 mouth	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 mouth	nmod:poss
8	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 held	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 held	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	past · passive		the gold pieces				within his mouth	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1394-pg500-part7/e1/