Exam question 2 · Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 15: Pinocchio…

Which of the following accurately describes the reason the seven boys gave for abandoning their lessons on that morning?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: seven boys · What happens: follow, describe, give, abandon · To what, where: reason, lessons

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1402 «Pinocchio, The Adventures of Pinocchio, part 15: Pinocchio fights his schoolmates and a boy falls as if dead» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 describes	advmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 reason	det
8	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 boys	det
10	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 boys	nummod
11	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 gave	nsubj
12	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 reason	acl:relcl
13	for	for	SCONJ	_	14 abandoning	mark
14	abandoning	abandon	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 gave	advcl
15	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 lessons	nmod:poss
16	lessons	lesson	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 abandoning	obj
17	on	on	ADP	_	19 morning	case
18	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 morning	det
19	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 abandoning	obl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the reason		accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
3	give	past	the seven boys	the reason not said here			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
4	abandon	gerund	the seven boys not said here	boys's lessons	morning		vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme lesson=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A Shark had been seen by fishermen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 Shark	det
2	Shark	shark	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 seen	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 seen	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 seen	aux:pass
5	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 fishermen	case
7	fishermen	fisherman	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 seen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past · perfect · passive	fishermen	a Shark					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

They said the teacher was ill at home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 teacher	det
4	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ill	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 ill	cop
6	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 said	ccomp
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 home	case
8	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ill	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	They						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	the teacher			home		ill property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They claimed a Shark had been sighted near the shore

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 claimed	nsubj
2	claimed	claim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 Shark	det
4	Shark	Shark	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 sighted	nsubj:pass
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 sighted	aux
6	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 sighted	aux:pass
7	sighted	sight	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 claimed	ccomp
8	near	near	ADP	_	10 shore	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 shore	det
10	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sighted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	claim speech: other	past	They						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	sight	past · perfect · passive		a Shark		the shore			vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

Option 4

They wanted a day off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wanted	nsubj
2	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 day	det
4	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wanted	obl:unmarked
5	off	off	ADP	_	2 wanted	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want off	past	They				day		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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