Exam question 2 · Blue Fairy Book, The Water-Lily: a crab becomes a prince a…

What was the cause of the Prince's failure to locate his horse upon the bridge?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Prince · What happens: be, locate, fail · To what, where: cause, horse

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1456 «Blue Fairy Book, The Water-Lily: a crab becomes a prince again and the witch is punished» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 cause	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cause	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cause	det
4	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	9 failure	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Prince	det
7	Prince	Prince	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 failure	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 Prince	case
9	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cause	nmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 locate	mark
11	locate	locate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 failure	acl
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 horse	nmod:poss
13	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 locate	obj
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	16 bridge	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 bridge	det
16	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 locate	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 cause	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	past		the cause	of the Prince's failure	tree rules
2	locate	to-infinitive		his horse	upon the bridge	tree rules
3	fail		the Prince			nom failure «act intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

He had been submerged for upward of ten days

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 submerged	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 submerged	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 submerged	aux:pass
4	submerged	submerge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 upward	case
6	upward	upward	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 submerged	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 days	case
8	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 days	nummod
9	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 upward	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	submerge	past · perfect · passive		He				for upward of ten days	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

He had been submerged for upward of ten days and the horse had long since fled

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 submerged	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 submerged	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 submerged	aux:pass
4	submerged	submerge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 upward	case
6	upward	upward	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 submerged	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 days	case
8	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 days	nummod
9	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 upward	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 had	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 horse	det
12	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 had	nsubj
13	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 submerged	conj
14	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 had	advmod
15	since	since	ADV	_	16 fled	advmod
16	fled	flee	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 had	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	submerge	past · perfect · passive		He	for upward of ten days	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
2	have	past	the horse		long property	tree rules
3	flee	participle	the horse not said here		since property	vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

He had been drowned for ten days

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 drowned	nsubj:pass
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 drowned	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 drowned	aux:pass
4	drowned	drown	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 days	case
6	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 days	nummod
7	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 drowned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drown	past · perfect · passive		He			day		vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 4

He had been underwater for ten days

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 been	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 been	aux
3	been	be	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	underwater	underwater	ADV	_	3 been	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 days	case
6	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 days	nummod
7	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 been	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past · perfect	He				day	underwater property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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