Exam question 3 · Perseus book, The Terrible Head, part 44: the boy wins the…

Identify the object which the fairies bestow upon the boy in order that he might pass unseen.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, fairies, boy · What happens: identify, bestow, pass · To what, where: object, order

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1457 «Perseus book, The Terrible Head, part 44: the boy wins the Cap, Sword and Shoes on his quest» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 object	det
3	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 bestow	obj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 fairies	det
6	fairies	fairy	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 bestow	nsubj
7	bestow	bestow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 object	acl:relcl
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	10 boy	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 boy	det
10	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bestow	obl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 order	case
12	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bestow	obl
13	that	that	SCONJ	_	16 pass	mark
14	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 pass	nsubj
15	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 pass	aux
16	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 bestow	advcl
17	unseen	unseen	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 pass	xcomp
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the object			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent object=Theme
2	bestow	present	the fairies	the object	order	upon the boy	tree rules
3	pass	might	boy			unseen property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The Shoes of Swiftness, which carry the wearer fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Shoes	det
2	Shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 carry	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Swiftness	case
4	Swiftness	swiftness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Shoes	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 carry	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 carry	nsubj
7	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wearer	det
9	wearer	wearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 carry	obj
10	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 carry	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	present	the Shoes of Swiftness	the wearer				fast property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wearer=Theme

Option 2

The Cap of Darkness, which renders its wearer invisible to all eyes, both mortal and fairy, and to every creature

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Cap	det
2	Cap	Cap	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 renders	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Darkness	case
4	Darkness	Darkness	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Cap	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 renders	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 renders	nsubj
7	renders	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wearer	nmod:poss
9	wearer	wearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 renders	obj
10	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 renders	xcomp
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 eyes	case
12	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	13 eyes	det
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 invisible	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 mortal	punct
15	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	16 mortal	advmod
16	mortal	mortal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 renders	parataxis
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 fairy	cc
18	fairy	fairy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 mortal	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 creature	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 creature	cc
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 creature	case
22	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	23 creature	det
23	creature	creature	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 renders	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present	the Cap of Darkness	Cap's wearer				invisible property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wearer=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The Cap of Darkness, a plain grey hat which the fairies lend, and which renders its wearer invisible to any watcher

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Cap	det
2	Cap	Cap	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 renders	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Darkness	case
4	Darkness	Darkness	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Cap	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hat	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 hat	det
7	plain	plain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 hat	amod
8	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 hat	amod
9	hat	hat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Cap	appos
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 lend	obj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 fairies	det
12	fairies	fairy	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 lend	nsubj
13	lend	lend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 hat	acl:relcl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 renders	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 renders	cc
16	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 renders	nsubj
17	renders	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
18	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 wearer	nmod:poss
19	wearer	wearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 renders	obj
20	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 renders	xcomp
21	to	to	ADP	_	23 watcher	case
22	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	23 watcher	det
23	watcher	watcher	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 invisible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lend	present	the fairies	a plain grey hat					vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme
2	render	present	the Cap of Darkness	Cap's wearer				invisible property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wearer=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The Cap of Darkness, which renders its wearer invisible

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Cap	det
2	Cap	Cap	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 renders	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Darkness	case
4	Darkness	Darkness	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Cap	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 renders	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 renders	nsubj
7	renders	render	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 wearer	nmod:poss
9	wearer	wearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 renders	obj
10	invisible	invisible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 renders	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present	the Cap of Darkness	Cap's wearer				invisible property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wearer=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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