Exam question 3 · Fairy Tales, Toads and Diamonds: two sisters at the founta…

Identify the moral principle which the good King articulates when he declines the fairy's offer of wealth or beauty for his son.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, good King, King, fairy · What happens: identify, articulate, decline, offer · To what, where: moral principle, offer, wealth

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1477 «Fairy Tales, Toads and Diamonds: two sisters at the fountain, one gets pearls and diamonds, the other gets snakes and toads» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 principle	det
3	moral	moral	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 principle	amod
4	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 articulates	obj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 King	det
7	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 King	amod
8	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 articulates	nsubj
9	articulates	articulate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 principle	acl:relcl
10	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	12 declines	advmod
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 declines	nsubj
12	declines	decline	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 articulates	advcl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 fairy	det
14	fairy	fairy	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 offer	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 fairy	case
16	offer	offer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 declines	obj
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 wealth	case
18	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 offer	nmod
19	or	or	CCONJ	_	20 beauty	cc
20	beauty	beauty	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 wealth	conj
21	for	for	ADP	_	23 son	case
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 son	nmod:poss
23	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 beauty	nmod
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the moral principle	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent principle=Theme
2	articulate speech: other	present	the good King	the moral principle	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent which=Topic
3	decline	present	King	the fairy's offer of wealth or beauty for King's son	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Theme
4	offer		the fairy	wealth or beauty for King's son	nom offer «communication transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Wealth brings the greatest happiness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 brings	nsubj
2	brings	bring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 happiness	det
4	greatest	great	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 happiness	amod
5	happiness	happiness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 brings	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bring	present	Wealth	the greatest happiness					vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent happiness=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Only a good man can be truly contented, whatever his station or possessions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	4 man	advmod
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 man	det
3	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 man	amod
4	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 contented	nsubj:pass
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 contented	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 contented	aux:pass
7	truly	truly	ADV	_	8 contented	advmod
8	contented	content	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 whatever	punct
10	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 contented	obj
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 station	nmod:poss
12	station	station	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 whatever	nsubj
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 possessions	cc
14	possessions	possession	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 station	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	content	can · passive		a good man				truly property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer whatever=Result

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Power and wealth are the surest signs of a wise and worthy prince

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 signs	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 wealth	cc
3	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Power	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 signs	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 signs	det
6	surest	sure	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 signs	amod
7	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	13 prince	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 prince	det
10	wise	wise	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 prince	amod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 worthy	cc
12	worthy	worthy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 wise	conj
13	prince	prince	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 signs	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Power and wealth	the surest signs				of a wise prince	tree rules

Option 4

A king should always value his people above his own comfort and his treasures

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 king	det
2	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 value	nsubj
3	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 value	aux
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 value	advmod
5	value	value	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 people	nmod:poss
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 value	obj
8	above	above	ADP	_	11 comfort	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 comfort	nmod:poss
10	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 comfort	amod
11	comfort	comfort	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 value	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 treasures	cc
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 treasures	nmod:poss
14	treasures	treasure	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 comfort	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	value	should	a king	king's people	king's own comfort and king's treasures	always property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Stimulus
2	comfort		king				nom comfort «state transitive»: poss=agent
3	treasure		king				nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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