Exam question 1 · Aesop's Fables, The Bull and the Calf, part 19: a string o…

With what did the Herdsman make his vow?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Herdsman · What happens: make, vow · To what, where: vow

This is exam question 1 of lesson 149 «Aesop's Fables, The Bull and the Calf, part 19: a string of short fables where clever and foolish creatures and people get their just deserts» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	With	with	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 make	obj
3	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 make	aux
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Herdsman	det
5	Herdsman	Herdsman	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 make	nsubj
6	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 vow	nmod:poss
8	vow	vow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 make	obj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · do-support	the Herdsman	Herdsman's vow					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset what=Beneficiary vow=Product
2	vow		Herdsman						nom vow «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

To offer a lamb to the god Mars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 offer	mark
2	offer	offer	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 lamb	det
4	lamb	lamb	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 offer	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 god	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 god	det
7	god	god	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 offer	obl
8	Mars	Mars	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 offer	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	offer	to-infinitive		a lamb	the god			Mars obl	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent lamb=Theme to god=Goal

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

To sacrifice a calf to Jupiter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 sacrifice	mark
2	sacrifice	sacrifice	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 calf	det
4	calf	calf	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sacrifice	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 Jupiter	case
6	Jupiter	Jupiter	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sacrifice	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sacrifice	to-infinitive		a calf	Jupiter				vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent calf=Theme to jupiter=Recipient

Option 3

To sell his cattle at the market

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 sell	mark
2	sell	sell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 cattle	nmod:poss
4	cattle	cattle	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sell	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 market	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 market	det
7	market	market	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sell	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sell	to-infinitive		his cattle		the market			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent cattle=Theme at market=Asset

Option 4

To sacrifice his best ox to Jupiter if he found the thief

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 sacrifice	mark
2	sacrifice	sacrifice	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 ox	nmod:poss
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 ox	amod
5	ox	ox	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sacrifice	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 Jupiter	case
7	Jupiter	Jupiter	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sacrifice	obl
8	if	if	SCONJ	_	10 found	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 found	nsubj
10	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sacrifice	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 thief	det
12	thief	thief	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 found	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sacrifice	to-infinitive		his best ox	Jupiter				vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent ox=Theme to jupiter=Recipient
2	find a condition, not said to happen	past	Jupiter	the thief					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thief=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/149-pg11339-part19/e1/