Exam question 3 · Scottish Fairy Tales, The Black Bull of Norroway, the lady…

Which of the following best explains why the knight pretended to drink the second sleeping-drink?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: knight · What happens: follow, explain, pretend, drink · To what, where: second sleeping drink · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1502 «Scottish Fairy Tales, The Black Bull of Norroway, the lady's wanderings and the Red Etin's beginning: the lady wins the knight back and the Red Etin's tale starts» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 explains	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 explains	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 explains	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 explains	csubj
5	best	well	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 following	advmod
6	explains	explain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	10 pretended	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 knight	det
9	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 pretended	nsubj
10	pretended	pretend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 explains	ccomp
11	to	to	PART	_	12 drink	mark
12	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 pretended	xcomp
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 drink	det
14	second	second	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	17 drink	amod
15	sleeping	sleeping	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 drink	compound
16	-	-	PUNCT	_	15 sleeping	punct
17	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 drink	obj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 explains	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			well property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	explain speech: assert	present				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	pretend	past	the knight			tree rules
4	drink	to-infinitive	the knight not said here	the second sleeping drink		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drink=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He wished to keep his wealth from the damsel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wished	nsubj
2	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 keep	mark
4	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wished	xcomp
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 wealth	nmod:poss
6	wealth	wealth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keep	obj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 damsel	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 damsel	det
9	damsel	damsel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keep	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wish	past	He						vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	keep not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	his wealth		the damsel			vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer wealth=Beneficiary from damsel=Eventuality

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He wished to remain awake and hear the damsel's singing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wished	nsubj
2	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 remain	mark
4	remain	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wished	xcomp
5	awake	awake	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 remain	xcomp
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 hear	cc
7	hear	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin	2 wished	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 damsel	det
9	damsel	damsel	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 singing	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 damsel	case
11	singing	singing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 hear	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	wish	past	He			vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	remain not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here		awake property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	hear	present	He not said here	the damsel's singing		vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer singing=Stimulus
4	sing		the damsel			nom singing «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

He feared the drink was poisoned by the wife

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 feared	nsubj
2	feared	fear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 drink	det
4	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 poisoned	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 poisoned	aux:pass
6	poisoned	poison	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 feared	ccomp
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 wife	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wife	det
9	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 poisoned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fear	past	He						vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	poison	past · passive	the wife	the drink					vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4

He wanted to sleep

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wanted	nsubj
2	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 sleep	mark
4	sleep	sleep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wanted	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	past	He						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	sleep not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here						vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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