Exam question 3 · Yellow Fairy Book, Mayblossom, part 4: the Princess spies…

State the principal measure adopted by the King to protect the Princess from the threatened misfortune.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: adopt, protect · To what, where: principal measure, Princess

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1507 «Yellow Fairy Book, Mayblossom, part 4: the Princess spies Fanfaronade through a peep-hole and falls for him» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 measure	nsubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 measure	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 measure	amod
4	measure	measure	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	adopted	adopt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 measure	acl
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 King	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 King	det
8	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 adopted	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 protect	mark
10	protect	protect	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 adopted	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Princess	det
12	Princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 protect	obj
13	from	from	ADP	_	16 misfortune	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 misfortune	det
15	threatened	threatened	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 misfortune	amod
16	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 protect	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 measure	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	adopt	participle		the principal measure not said here				by the King	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	protect	to-infinitive			the Princess			from the threatened misfortune	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent princess=Beneficiary from misfortune=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He consulted his counsellors and spent many days arranging a secret plan, after which he caused a windowless tower to be built on the hill, fitted with a grand bed and reached by a long hidden underground passage

The tree, 38 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consulted	nsubj
2	consulted	consult	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 counsellors	nmod:poss
4	counsellors	counsellor	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 consulted	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 spent	cc
6	spent	spend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 consulted	conj
7	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 days	amod
8	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 spent	obj
9	arranging	arrange	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 spent	advcl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 plan	det
11	secret	secret	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 plan	amod
12	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 arranging	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 caused	punct
14	after	after	ADP	_	15 which	case
15	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 caused	obl
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 caused	nsubj
17	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 spent	parataxis
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 tower	det
19	windowless	windowless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 tower	amod
20	tower	tower	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 caused	obj
21	to	to	PART	_	23 built	mark
22	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	23 built	aux:pass
23	built	build	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 tower	acl
24	on	on	ADP	_	26 hill	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 hill	det
26	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 built	obl
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 fitted	punct
28	fitted	fit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 caused	parataxis
29	with	with	ADP	_	32 bed	case
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 bed	det
31	grand	grand	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 bed	amod
32	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 fitted	obl
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 reached	cc
34	reached	reach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	28 fitted	conj
35	by	by	ADP	_	40 passage	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 passage	det
37	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 passage	amod
38	hidden	hide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	40 passage	amod
39	underground	underground	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 passage	amod
40	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 reached	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consult	past	He	his counsellors				vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent counsellor=Theme
2	spend	past	He not said here			day		vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	arrange	gerund	He not said here	a secret plan				vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Product
4	cause	past	he	a windowless tower				vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition tower=Patient
5	build	to-infinitive · passive	he not said here	a windowless tower not said here	the hill			vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: on hill=Source
6	fit	participle					with a grand bed	vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
7	reach	participle					by a long hidden underground passage	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
8	hide	participle						vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

He had the palace walls rebuilt with thick iron gates and a deep moat around the old garden

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 walls	det
4	palace	palace	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walls	compound
5	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 had	obj
6	rebuilt	rebuild	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 walls	acl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 gates	case
8	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 gates	amod
9	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gates	compound
10	gates	gate	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 rebuilt	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 moat	cc
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 moat	det
13	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 moat	amod
14	moat	moat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gates	conj
15	around	around	ADP	_	18 garden	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 garden	det
17	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 garden	amod
18	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 moat	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	He	the palace walls					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wall=Patient
2	rebuild	participle		the palace walls not said here				with thick iron gates and a deep moat around the old garden	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He caused a windowless tower to be constructed, reached only by an underground passage

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 caused	nsubj
2	caused	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 tower	det
4	windowless	windowless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tower	amod
5	tower	tower	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 caused	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	8 constructed	mark
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 constructed	aux:pass
8	constructed	construct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 tower	acl:relcl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 reached	punct
10	reached	reach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 constructed	parataxis
11	only	only	ADV	_	15 passage	advmod
12	by	by	ADP	_	15 passage	case
13	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 passage	det
14	underground	underground	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 passage	amod
15	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 reached	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	cause	past	He	a windowless tower	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition tower=Patient
2	construct	to-infinitive · passive	He not said here	a windowless tower not said here	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»
3	reach	participle			vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

He summoned every wise man in the kingdom, who spent a year debating the fairy's words before deciding that the Princess must be sealed away from the world entirely in a tower with no windows at all

The tree, 38 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 summoned	nsubj
2	summoned	summon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 man	det
4	wise	wise	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 man	amod
5	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 summoned	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 kingdom	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 kingdom	det
8	kingdom	kingdom	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 summoned	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 spent	punct
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 spent	nsubj
11	spent	spend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 kingdom	acl:relcl
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 year	det
13	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 spent	obj
14	debating	debate	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 spent	advcl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 fairy	det
16	fairy	fairy	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 words	nmod:poss
17	's	's	PART	_	16 fairy	case
18	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 debating	obj
19	before	before	SCONJ	_	20 deciding	mark
20	deciding	decide	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 debating	advcl
21	that	that	SCONJ	_	26 sealed	mark
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 Princess	det
23	Princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sealed	nsubj:pass
24	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	26 sealed	aux
25	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	26 sealed	aux:pass
26	sealed	seal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 deciding	ccomp
27	away	away	ADV	_	26 sealed	advmod
28	from	from	ADP	_	30 world	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 world	det
30	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sealed	obl
31	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	34 tower	advmod
32	in	in	ADP	_	34 tower	case
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 tower	det
34	tower	tower	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sealed	obl
35	with	with	ADP	_	37 windows	case
36	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	37 windows	det
37	windows	window	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 tower	nmod
38	at	at	ADP	_	39 all	case
39	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	37 windows	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	summon	past	He		every wise man	the kingdom			vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Recipient
2	spend	past	the kingdom				year		vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	debate	gerund	the kingdom not said here	the fairy's words					vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Co-Agent
4	decide	gerund	the kingdom not said here						vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	seal away	must · passive		the Princess		the world		in a tower with no windows at all; away property	vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
6	word		the fairy						nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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