Exam question 1 · Popular Tales from the Norse, Soria Moria Castle, part 9:…

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the reaction of the young Halvor's parents upon recognising their son?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: parents · What happens: follow, describe, recognise, react · To what, where: reaction, son

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1512 «Popular Tales from the Norse, Soria Moria Castle, part 9: Halvor's parents know him, then the Princesses vanish and he sets out again» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 describes	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 describes	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 describes	advmod
8	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 reaction	det
10	reaction	reaction	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 describes	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	16 parents	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 Halvor	det
13	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 Halvor	amod
14	Halvor	Halvor	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 parents	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 Halvor	case
16	parents	parent	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 reaction	nmod
17	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	18 recognising	mark
18	recognising	recognise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 describes	advcl
19	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 son	nmod:poss
20	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 recognising	obj
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the reaction of the young Halvor's parents	of the following statements; accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reaction=Theme
3	recognise	gerund		parents's son		vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer son=Stimulus
4	react		the young Halvor's parents			nom reaction «process intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They were sorrowful, and the father ran out to fetch the neighbours from the farm to help him search the woods for the boy.

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sorrowful	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 sorrowful	cop
3	sorrowful	sorrowful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 ran	punct
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 ran	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 father	det
7	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ran	nsubj
8	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 sorrowful	parataxis
9	out	out	ADP	_	8 ran	compound:prt
10	to	to	PART	_	11 fetch	mark
11	fetch	fetch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 ran	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 neighbours	det
13	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fetch	obj
14	from	from	ADP	_	16 farm	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 farm	det
16	farm	farm	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fetch	obl
17	to	to	PART	_	18 help	mark
18	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 fetch	advcl
19	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 help	obj
20	search	search	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 help	xcomp
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 woods	det
22	woods	wood	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 search	obj
23	for	for	ADP	_	25 boy	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 boy	det
25	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 search	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sorrowful	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	past	They			sorrowful property	tree rules
2	run out	past	the father				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	fetch	to-infinitive	the father not said here	the neighbours	the farm		vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent neighbour=Theme from farm=Source
4	help	to-infinitive	the father not said here	father			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary clause=Theme
5	search	infinitive	father not said here	the woods		for the boy	vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent wood=Location for boy=Theme

Option 2

They were overjoyed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 overjoyed	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 overjoyed	aux:pass
3	overjoyed	overjoy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 overjoyed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	overjoy	past · passive		They					tree rules

Option 3

They wept at once.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wept	nsubj
2	wept	weep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 once	case
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 wept	obl
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 wept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weep	past	They						vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They experienced profound joy, and the mother, upon recognising him by the firelight, went to inform the girls at the farm.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 experienced	nsubj
2	experienced	experience	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	profound	profound	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 joy	amod
4	joy	joy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 experienced	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 mother	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 mother	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 mother	det
8	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 experienced	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 recognising	punct
10	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	11 recognising	mark
11	recognising	recognise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 experienced	advcl
12	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 recognising	obj
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 firelight	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 firelight	det
15	firelight	firelight	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 recognising	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 went	punct
17	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 experienced	conj
18	to	to	PART	_	19 inform	mark
19	inform	inform	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 went	xcomp
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 girls	det
21	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 inform	obj
22	at	at	ADP	_	24 farm	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 farm	det
24	farm	farm	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 inform	obl
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 experienced	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	experience	past	They	profound joy			the mother obl	vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer joy=Stimulus
2	recognise	gerund	They not said here	him = he			by the firelight	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus
3	go	past	They not said here					vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	inform speech: other	to-infinitive	They not said here		the girls	the farm		vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent girl=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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