Exam question 2 · Sicilian Stories, Catherine and Her Destiny, part 30: Cath…

What was the outcome of the merchant's shipping losses?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: outcome, merchant · What happens: be, ship

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1641 «Sicilian Stories, Catherine and Her Destiny, part 30: Catherine gets a silken ball from her Destiny's sister» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 outcome	det
4	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	10 losses	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 merchant	det
7	merchant	merchant	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 shipping	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 merchant	case
9	shipping	shipping	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 losses	compound
10	losses	loss	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 outcome	nmod
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the outcome of shipping losses						tree rules
2	ship		the merchant						nom shipping «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

He was reduced to poverty and died.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 reduced	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 reduced	aux:pass
3	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 poverty	case
5	poverty	poverty	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reduced	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 died	cc
7	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 reduced	conj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reduced	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reduce	past · passive		He				to poverty goal	vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Patient to poverty=Goal
2	die	past							vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

He was reduced to poverty, sold his house, and died in a small room far away.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 reduced	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 reduced	aux:pass
3	reduced	reduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 poverty	case
5	poverty	poverty	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reduced	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 sold	punct
7	sold	sell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 reduced	conj
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 house	nmod:poss
9	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sold	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 died	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 died	cc
12	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 reduced	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	16 room	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 room	det
15	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 room	amod
16	room	room	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 died	obl
17	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	18 away	advmod
18	away	away	ADV	_	12 died	advmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reduced	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	reduce	past · passive	He	to poverty goal	vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Patient to poverty=Goal
2	sell	past	his house		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Theme
3	die	past		in a small room; away property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in room=Attribute

Option 3

He was rewarded and lived well.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 rewarded	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 rewarded	aux:pass
3	rewarded	reward	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 lived	cc
5	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 rewarded	conj
6	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 lived	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 rewarded	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reward	past · passive		He					vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
2	live	past						well property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

He lost all his money and went mad.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 lost	nsubj
2	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 money	det:predet
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 money	nmod:poss
5	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lost	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 went	cc
7	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 lost	conj
8	mad	mad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 went	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lost	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	past	He	his money					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Eventuality
2	go	past	He not said here					mad property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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