Exam question 3 · Household Tales, The Heart in the Bird, part 36: the youth…

Which of the following best describes the manner in which the youth first met the church?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: youth · What happens: follow, describe, meet · To what, where: manner, church

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1647 «Household Tales, The Heart in the Bird, part 36: the youth reaches the moat round the church» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 describes	obj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 best	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 best	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 best	case
5	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 describes	nmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 manner	det
8	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 which	case
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 met	obl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 youth	det
12	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 met	nsubj
13	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	14 met	advmod
14	met	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 manner	acl:relcl
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 church	det
16	church	church	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 met	obj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the manner		of the best	tree rules
3	meet	past	the youth	the church	the manner	first property	vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent church=Co-Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

he came upon it all of a sudden after walking for many days through the wood

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 all	case
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 all	nsubj
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 came	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 sudden	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 sudden	det
8	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 all	nmod
9	after	after	SCONJ	_	10 walking	mark
10	walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 came	advcl
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 days	case
12	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 days	amod
13	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 walking	obl
14	through	through	ADP	_	16 wood	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 wood	det
16	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 walking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	he			all			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon all=Location
2	walk	gerund	he not said here			the wood	day		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory

Option 2

he walked up on it at the wood's edge

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 walked	nsubj
2	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 walked	compound:prt
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 it	case
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 walked	obl
6	at	at	ADP	_	10 edge	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 wood	det
8	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 edge	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 wood	case
10	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 walked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk up	past	he			it		at the wood's edge	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on it=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

he came upon it all of a sudden

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 all	case
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 all	nsubj
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 came	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 sudden	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 sudden	det
8	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 all	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	he			all			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon all=Location

Option 4

he came upon it while hunting deer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	upon	upon	ADP	_	4 it	case
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	obl
5	while	while	SCONJ	_	6 hunting	mark
6	hunting	hunt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 came	advcl
7	deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hunting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	he			it			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon it=Location
2	hunt	gerund	he not said here	deer					vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent deer=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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