Exam question 4 · Swedish Folk Tales, The Lindorm, part 1: a childless queen…

Determine what the poor old woman was able to know concerning the queen's secret sorrow.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, queen · What happens: determine, be, know, concern, sorrow · To what, where: secret sorrow

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1664 «Swedish Folk Tales, The Lindorm, part 1: a childless queen eats magic onions and bears a serpent» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Determine	determine	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	8 able	nsubj
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 woman	det
4	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 woman	amod
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 woman	amod
6	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 able	nsubj
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 able	cop
8	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Determine	ccomp
9	to	to	PART	_	10 know	mark
10	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 able	xcomp
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 know	xcomp
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 queen	det
13	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 sorrow	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 queen	case
15	secret	secret	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 sorrow	amod
16	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Determine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	determine	imperative	you not said here			vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	past			able property	tree rules
3	know	to-infinitive				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4	concern	gerund		the queen's secret sorrow		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sorrow=Experiencer
5	sorrow		the queen			nom sorrow «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

the queen's sorrow and her hidden grief

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 queen	det
2	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sorrow	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 queen	case
4	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 grief	cc
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 grief	nmod:poss
7	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 grief	amod
8	grief	grief	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sorrow	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sorrow		the queen						nom sorrow «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

the lindorm's birth and its hidden cause

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lindorm	det
2	lindorm	lindorm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 birth	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 lindorm	case
4	birth	birth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 cause	cc
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 cause	nmod:poss
7	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 cause	amod
8	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 birth	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause		lindorm						nom cause «event transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

the queen's wish for a son, which she had confessed to nobody but was known through a dream she had had the night before

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 queen	det
2	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wish	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 queen	case
4	wish	wish	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 son	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 son	det
7	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wish	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 confessed	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 confessed	nsubj:pass
10	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 confessed	nsubj
11	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 confessed	aux
12	confessed	confess	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 wish	acl
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 nobody	case
14	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	12 confessed	obl
15	but	but	CCONJ	_	17 known	cc
16	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 known	aux:pass
17	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 confessed	conj
18	through	through	ADP	_	20 dream	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 dream	det
20	dream	dream	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 known	obl
21	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 had	nsubj
22	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 had	aux
23	had	have	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	20 dream	acl:relcl
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 night	det
25	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 known	obl:unmarked
26	before	before	ADV	_	17 known	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confess	past · perfect · passive		the queen's wish for a son	nobody				vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to nobody=Recipient
2	know	past · passive				a dream	night	before property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»
3	have	past · perfect	she	a dream not said here					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Patient
4	wish		the queen					for a son	nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent for=obl

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

the queen's wish for a son, known without being told

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 queen	det
2	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wish	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 queen	case
4	wish	wish	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 known	nsubj:pass
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 son	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 son	det
7	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wish	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 known	punct
9	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	without	without	SCONJ	_	12 told	mark
11	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 told	aux:pass
12	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 known	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	know	participle · passive		the queen's wish for a son		tree rules
2	tell speech: assert	gerund · passive				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»
3	wish		the queen		for a son	nom wish «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent for=obl

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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