Exam question 4 · Popular Tales from the Norse, Prince Lindorm, part 54: the…

Why did the king issue seal rings bearing separate impressions to himself and his queen?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: issue seal rings · What happens: do, bear · To what, where: issue seal rings, separate impressions, himself

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1665 «Popular Tales from the Norse, Prince Lindorm, part 54: the maiden breaks the lindorm's spell and the prince is freed» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 did	advmod
2	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 rings	det
4	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 issue	compound
5	issue	issue	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rings	compound
6	seal	seal	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rings	compound
7	rings	ring	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 did	obj
8	bearing	bear	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 rings	acl
9	separate	separate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 impressions	amod
10	impressions	impression	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 bearing	obj
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 himself	case
12	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	8 bearing	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 queen	cc
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 queen	nmod:poss
15	queen	queen	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 himself	conj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past		the issue seal rings					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Eventuality
2	bear	gerund	the issue seal rings not said here	separate impressions	himself = he				vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent impression=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

So that any letter sealed with his ring could be trusted by the royal council and the people

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	11 trusted	advmod
2	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 trusted	mark
3	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	4 letter	det
4	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 trusted	nsubj:pass
5	sealed	seal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 letter	acl
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 ring	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 ring	nmod:poss
8	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sealed	obl
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 trusted	aux
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 trusted	aux:pass
11	trusted	trust	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	by	by	ADP	_	15 council	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 council	det
14	royal	royal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 council	amod
15	council	council	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 trusted	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 people	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 people	det
18	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 council	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	seal	participle		any letter not said here				with his ring	vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with ring=Instrument
2	trust	could · passive	the royal council and the people	any letter					vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 2

So they could sign documents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	So	so	ADV	_	4 sign	advmod
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sign	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 sign	aux
4	sign	sign	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	documents	document	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sign	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sign	could	they	documents					vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent document=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

That they might correspond in confidence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 correspond	nsubj
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 correspond	nsubj
3	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 correspond	aux
4	correspond	correspond	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 confidence	case
6	confidence	confidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 correspond	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	correspond	might	That			confidence			vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

That they might correspond with each other in complete confidence while he was away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 correspond	nsubj
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 correspond	nsubj
3	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 correspond	aux
4	correspond	correspond	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 each	case
6	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	4 correspond	obl
7	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 each	fixed
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 confidence	case
9	complete	complete	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 confidence	amod
10	confidence	confidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 correspond	obl
11	while	while	SCONJ	_	14 away	mark
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 away	nsubj
13	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 away	cop
14	away	away	ADV	_	4 correspond	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	correspond	might	That			complete confidence		with each	vn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme whether S»: agent=Agent with each=Co-Agent
2	is	past	he					away property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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