Test 1 · ★ · Household Tales, The Youth and the Witch-maiden, part 4: t…

Mate, why wasn't the youth lonely on his walks?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mate, his · What happens: not be, walk · To what, where: walks

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 1680 «Household Tales, The Youth and the Witch-maiden, part 4: the birds lead him to the moonlit spring» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lonely	nsubj:outer
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 lonely	punct
3	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	8 lonely	advmod
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 lonely	cop
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 lonely	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 youth	det
7	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lonely	obl:unmarked
8	lonely	lonely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 walks	case
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 walks	nmod:poss
11	walks	walk	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 lonely	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 lonely	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	past	Mate			his walks		the youth obl:unmarked; lonely property	tree rules
2	walk		his = he						nom walk «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Cos he had his dog.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	3 had	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 dog	nmod:poss
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	he	his dog					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Cos he could understand what birds were saying.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	4 understand	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 understand	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 understand	aux
4	understand	understand	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	8 saying	obj
6	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 saying	nsubj
7	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 saying	aux
8	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 understand	ccomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 understand	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	understand	could	he						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	say speech: assert	past · progressive	birds						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

Option 3

Cos he could talk to people he met.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	4 talk	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 talk	nsubj
3	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 talk	aux
4	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 talk	obl
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 met	nsubj
8	met	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 people	acl:relcl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 talk	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	could	he					to people	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to people=Co-Agent
2	meet	past	he	people not said here					vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Co-Agent

Option 4

Cos he had a horse to ride.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	3 had	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 had	nsubj
3	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 horse	det
5	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 had	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 ride	mark
7	ride	ride	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 horse	acl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	he	a horse					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient
2	ride	to-infinitive	he not said here	a horse not said here					vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1680-pg640-part4/t1/