Exam question 4 · Fairy Tales, The Glass Mountain: a schoolboy climbs with l…

Which creature did the youth overcome in order to enter the golden castle, and by what means was it dispatched?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: creature, youth · What happens: do, overcome, enter, mean, dispatch · To what, where: golden castle, creature

This is exam question 4 of lesson 1704 «Fairy Tales, The Glass Mountain: a schoolboy climbs with lynx claws, cuts the eagle's feet, and wins the Princess» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 creature	det
2	creature	creature	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 did	nsubj
3	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 youth	det
5	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 overcome	nsubj
6	overcome	overcome	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 did	parataxis
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 order	case
8	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 overcome	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 enter	mark
10	enter	enter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 overcome	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 castle	det
12	golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 castle	amod
13	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 enter	obj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 means	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 means	cc
16	by	by	ADP	_	17 what	case
17	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 means	nsubj
18	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 did	parataxis
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 dispatched	aux:pass
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 dispatched	nsubj:pass
21	dispatched	dispatch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 means	xcomp
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do	past	which creature			vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	overcome	present	the youth		in order	vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in order=Attribute
3	enter	to-infinitive	the youth not said here	the golden castle		vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme castle=Destination
4	mean	present				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	dispatch not said to happen	past · passive		creature		vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The dragon, which vanished when an apple was thrown at it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dragon	det
2	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vanished	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 vanished	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 vanished	nsubj
5	vanished	vanish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 thrown	mark
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 apple	det
8	apple	apple	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 thrown	nsubj:pass
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 thrown	aux:pass
10	thrown	throw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 vanished	advcl
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 thrown	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	vanish	past	the dragon						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	throw	past · passive		a apple				at dragon	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme at it=Destination

Option 2

The lynx, which fled when a stone was hurled

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lynx	det
2	lynx	lynx	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 fled	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 fled	nsubj
5	fled	flee	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 lynx	acl:relcl
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 hurled	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 stone	det
8	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hurled	nsubj:pass
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 hurled	aux:pass
10	hurled	hurl	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 fled	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flee	past	the lynx						tree rules
2	hurl	past · passive		a stone					vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

The knight, who fell when an arrow hit him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 knight	det
2	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fell	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 fell	punct
4	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 fell	nsubj
5	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 hit	advmod
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 arrow	det
8	arrow	arrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hit	nsubj
9	hit	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 fell	advcl
10	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 hit	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	past	the knight						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	hit	past	a arrow	knight					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme he=Co-Theme

Option 4

The eagle, which was struck down with a knife and fell from the sky in the forest near the gate of the golden castle

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 eagle	det
2	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 struck	nsubj:pass
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 struck	punct
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 struck	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 struck	aux:pass
6	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	down	down	ADP	_	6 struck	compound:prt
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 knife	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 knife	det
10	knife	knife	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 struck	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 fell	cc
12	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 struck	conj
13	from	from	ADP	_	15 sky	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 sky	det
15	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fell	obl
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 forest	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 forest	det
18	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fell	obl
19	near	near	ADP	_	21 gate	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 gate	det
21	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 fell	obl
22	of	of	ADP	_	25 castle	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 castle	det
24	golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 castle	amod
25	castle	castle	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 gate	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike down	past · passive		the eagle				with a knife	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with knife=Instrument
2	fall	past				the sky		in the forest; near the gate of the golden castle	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in forest=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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