Exam question 2 · Russian Fairy Tales, Iwanich and Militza, part 39: Iwanich…

By what means did the Prince come to be employed in the service of the witch Corva?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Prince · What happens: mean, come, employ, service · To what, where: service, witch

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1715 «Russian Fairy Tales, Iwanich and Militza, part 39: Iwanich frees a hare, breaks a forbidden door and becomes a witch's servant» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 come	obl
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 come	aux
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Prince	det
6	Prince	Prince	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 come	nsubj
7	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	10 employed	mark
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 employed	aux:pass
10	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 come	advcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 service	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 service	det
13	service	service	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 employed	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 witch	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 witch	det
16	witch	witch	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 service	nmod
17	Corva	Corva	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 witch	appos
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	mean	present				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	come	past · do-support	the Prince			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by what=Location
3	employ	to-infinitive · passive	the Prince not said here		the service of the witch	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»
4	service			the witch		nom service «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

After the palace vanished he was lured by a merchant's promise of gold, and then he found himself working in a dark dwelling by the sand hills.

The tree, 28 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	3 palace	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 palace	det
3	palace	palace	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 vanished	nsubj
4	vanished	vanish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 lured	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 lured	aux:pass
7	lured	lure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 vanished	ccomp
8	by	by	ADP	_	12 promise	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 merchant	det
10	merchant	merchant	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 promise	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 merchant	case
12	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lured	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 gold	case
14	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 promise	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 found	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 found	cc
17	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 found	advmod
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 found	nsubj
19	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 vanished	conj
20	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	19 found	obj
21	working	work	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 found	xcomp
22	in	in	ADP	_	25 dwelling	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 dwelling	det
24	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 dwelling	amod
25	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 working	obl
26	by	by	ADP	_	29 hills	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 hills	det
28	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 hills	compound
29	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 working	obl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 vanished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	vanish	past	the palace				tree rules
2	lure	past · passive	a merchant's promise of gold	palace			vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
3	find	past	palace	palace	then		vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent himself=Attribute clause=Theme
4	work	gerund	palace not said here			by the sand hills; in a dark dwelling	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in dwelling=Theme
5	promise		a merchant	gold			nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He followed the advice of the gaunt grey beggar, who directed him to her dwelling.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 followed	nsubj
2	followed	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 advice	det
4	advice	advice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 followed	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	9 beggar	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 beggar	det
7	gaunt	gaunt	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 beggar	amod
8	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 beggar	amod
9	beggar	beggar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 advice	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 directed	punct
11	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 directed	nsubj
12	directed	direct	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 beggar	acl:relcl
13	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 directed	obj
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 dwelling	case
15	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 dwelling	nmod:poss
16	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 directed	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 followed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	past	He	the advice of the gaunt grey beggar					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent advice=Theme
2	direct	past	the gaunt grey beggar	him = he				to her dwelling	vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Theme

Option 3

He wandered for days after the palace vanished until he met a shepherd who sent him to a witch's house far away.

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wandered	nsubj
2	wandered	wander	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	4 days	case
4	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 wandered	obl
5	after	after	SCONJ	_	8 vanished	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 palace	det
7	palace	palace	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 vanished	nsubj
8	vanished	vanish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 wandered	advcl
9	until	until	SCONJ	_	11 met	mark
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 met	nsubj
11	met	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 vanished	ccomp
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 shepherd	det
13	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 met	obj
14	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 sent	nsubj
15	sent	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 shepherd	acl:relcl
16	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 sent	obj
17	to	to	ADP	_	21 house	case
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 witch	det
19	witch	witch	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 house	nmod:poss
20	's	's	PART	_	19 witch	case
21	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sent	obl
22	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	23 away	advmod
23	away	away	ADV	_	15 sent	advmod
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 wandered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wander	past	He			day		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	vanish	past	the palace					tree rules
3	meet	past	palace	a shepherd				vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shepherd=Co-Agent
4	send	past	a shepherd	shepherd	a witch's house		away property	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to house=Destination

Option 4

A wicked stranger in the forest tricked him into serving her there at last.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 stranger	det
2	wicked	wicked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stranger	amod
3	stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tricked	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 forest	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 forest	det
6	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stranger	nmod
7	tricked	trick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 tricked	obj
9	into	into	SCONJ	_	10 serving	mark
10	serving	serve	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 tricked	advcl
11	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 serving	obj
12	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 serving	advmod
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 last	case
14	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 serving	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 tricked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trick	past	a wicked stranger in the forest	him = he					vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient
2	serve	gerund	a wicked stranger in the forest not said here	stranger		last; there			vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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