Exam question 3 · Fairy Book, The Witch, part 1: the Sun-Hero is doomed, and…

exam: Which of the following best states the means by which the twins procured water from the well in the witch's service?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: exam, twins, witch · What happens: follow, mean, procure, service · To what, where: water, well · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1726 «Fairy Book, The Witch, part 1: the Sun-Hero is doomed, and twins flee a witch's hut» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	exam	exam	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 means	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 states	punct
3	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 states	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	8 states	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 states	det
6	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 states	case
7	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 states	amod
8	states	state	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 means	nsubj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 means	nsubj
10	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	by	by	ADP	_	12 which	case
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 procured	obl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 twins	det
14	twins	twin	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 procured	nsubj
15	procured	procure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 means	ccomp
16	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 procured	obj
17	from	from	ADP	_	19 well	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 well	det
19	well	well	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 procured	obl
20	in	in	ADP	_	24 service	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 witch	det
22	witch	witch	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 service	nmod:poss
23	's	's	PART	_	22 witch	case
24	service	service	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 procured	obl
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	mean	present	exam				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	procure	past	the twins	water	the well	in the witch's service	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent water=Theme from well=Source
4	service		the witch				nom service «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They filled the holes of the sieve with clay and carried it back quickly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 filled	nsubj
2	filled	fill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 holes	det
4	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 filled	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 sieve	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sieve	det
7	sieve	sieve	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 holes	nmod
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 clay	case
9	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sieve	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 carried	cc
11	carried	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 filled	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 carried	obj
13	back	back	ADV	_	11 carried	advmod
14	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	11 carried	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill	past	They	the holes of the sieve with clay					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hole=Patient
2	carry back	past	They not said here	clay				quickly property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They filled the holes of the sieve with clay

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 filled	nsubj
2	filled	fill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 holes	det
4	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 filled	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 sieve	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sieve	det
7	sieve	sieve	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 holes	nmod
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 clay	case
9	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 filled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill	past	They	the holes of the sieve				with clay	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hole=Patient with clay=Instrument

Option 3

They sealed the holes with mud from the bank

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sealed	nsubj
2	sealed	seal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 holes	det
4	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sealed	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 mud	case
6	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 holes	nmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 bank	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bank	det
9	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sealed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	seal	past	They	the holes		the bank		with mud	vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hole=Patient with mud=Instrument

Option 4

They asked the mice to fill the holes of the sieve with clay for them

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 asked	nsubj
2	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 mice	det
4	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 asked	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 fill	mark
6	fill	fill	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 asked	xcomp
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 holes	det
8	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 fill	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 sieve	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sieve	det
11	sieve	sieve	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 holes	nmod
12	with	with	ADP	_	13 clay	case
13	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 fill	obl
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 them	case
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 fill	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	past	They		the mice				vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent mouse=Recipient clause=Topic
2	fill not said to happen	to-infinitive	They not said here	the holes of the sieve				with clay; for holes = hole	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent hole=Patient with clay=Instrument

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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