Exam question 3 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, Big Klaus and Little Klaus, part 1…

Specify the object that Little Klaus conceals beneath the table and the effect it produces when he treads upon it.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, Little Klaus, effect, Klaus · What happens: specify, conceal, produce, tread · To what, where: object, table, effect

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1728 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, Big Klaus and Little Klaus, part 1: Little Klaus loses his horse, then tricks a farmer with a squeaking sack» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Specify	specify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 object	det
3	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Specify	obj
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 conceals	mark
5	Little	Little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 Klaus	amod
6	Klaus	Klaus	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 conceals	nsubj
7	conceals	conceal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Specify	advcl
8	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	10 table	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 table	det
10	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 conceals	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 produces	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 effect	det
13	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 produces	nsubj
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 produces	nsubj
15	produces	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 conceals	conj
16	when	when	SCONJ	_	18 treads	mark
17	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 treads	nsubj
18	treads	tread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 produces	advcl
19	upon	upon	ADP	_	20 it	case
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 treads	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Specify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	specify	imperative	you not said here	the object		vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent object=Theme
2	conceal	present	Little Klaus		the table	vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent beneath table=Location
3	produce	present	the effect			vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	tread	present	Klaus		effect	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon it=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The horse-skin in a sack, which emits a loud squeak

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 skin	det
2	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 skin	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 horse	punct
4	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 emits	nsubj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 sack	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 sack	det
7	sack	sack	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 skin	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 emits	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 emits	nsubj
10	emits	emit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 squeak	det
12	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 squeak	amod
13	squeak	squeak	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 emits	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emit	present	the horse skin in a sack	a loud squeak					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source squeak=Theme

Option 2

A horse-skin, which hums

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 skin	det
2	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 skin	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 horse	punct
4	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 hums	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 hums	nsubj
7	hums	hum	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 skin	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hum	present	a horse skin						vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V»: agent=Location

Option 3

A pot of sour milk, which gives a dull thud when stepped on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 pot	det
2	pot	pot	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 gives	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 milk	case
4	sour	sour	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 milk	amod
5	milk	milk	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pot	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 gives	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 gives	nsubj
8	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 thud	det
10	dull	dull	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 thud	amod
11	thud	thud	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 gives	obj
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 stepped	advmod
13	stepped	step	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 gives	advcl
14	on	on	ADP	_	13 stepped	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present	a pot of sour milk	a dull thud					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thud=Theme
2	step on	participle	a pot of sour milk not said here						vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

A bag of flour that sighs quietly when trodden upon by his feet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bag	det
2	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sighs	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 flour	case
4	flour	flour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bag	nmod
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 sighs	nsubj
6	sighs	sigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	6 sighs	advmod
8	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 trodden	mark
9	trodden	tread	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 sighs	xcomp
10	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 trodden	compound:prt
11	by	by	ADP	_	13 feet	case
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 feet	nmod:poss
13	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 trodden	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sigh	present	a bag of flour					quietly property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	tread upon	participle	a bag of flour not said here						vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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