Exam question 3 · Popular Tales from the Norse, Hermod and Hadvor, part 69:…

What instruction did Olof give concerning the cloak upon Hadvor's shoulders?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: instruction · What happens: give, concern

This is exam question 3 of lesson 1745 «Popular Tales from the Norse, Hermod and Hadvor, part 69: the Queen's spells, the Giant's trick and Olof's warning» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	DET	PronType=Int	2 instruction	det
2	instruction	instruction	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 give	nsubj
3	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 give	aux
4	Olof	Olof	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 give	nsubj
5	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 cloak	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 cloak	det
8	cloak	cloak	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 give	obl
9	upon	upon	ADP	_	12 shoulders	case
10	Hadvor	Hadvor	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 shoulders	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 Hadvor	case
12	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 cloak	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 give	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past · do-support	what instruction					concern the cloak upon Hadvor's shoulders	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	concern	gerund							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It must be worn open at the front, so the Giant grasps the cloak

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worn	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 worn	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 worn	aux:pass
4	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 worn	xcomp
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 front	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 front	det
8	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 worn	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 grasps	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	13 grasps	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Giant	det
12	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 grasps	nsubj
13	grasps	grasp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worn	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cloak	det
15	cloak	cloak	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 grasps	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	must · passive		It		the front		open property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
2	grasp	present	the Giant	the cloak					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cloak=Stimulus

Option 2

It must be tied tight so she stays warm and the Giant cannot pull it

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 tied	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 tied	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 tied	aux:pass
4	tied	tie	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 stays	advcl
5	tight	tight	ADV	_	4 tied	advmod
6	so	so	ADV	_	8 stays	advmod
7	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 stays	nsubj
8	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stays	xcomp
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 pull	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Giant	det
12	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 pull	nsubj
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 pull	aux
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 pull	advmod
15	pull	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 stays	conj
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 pull	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	tie	must · passive		It	tight property	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	stay	present	she		warm property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	not pull	can	the Giant	it		vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 3

It must hang loose, so the Giant seizes just the cloth and not her body

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hang	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 hang	aux
3	hang	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	loose	loose	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hang	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 seizes	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	9 seizes	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Giant	det
8	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 seizes	nsubj
9	seizes	seize	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hang	advcl
10	just	just	ADV	_	12 cloth	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 cloth	det
12	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 seizes	obj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 body	cc
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 body	advmod
15	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 body	nmod:poss
16	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cloth	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	must	It					loose property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	seize	present	the Giant	the cloth and her body					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cloth=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It must be worn loose, so the Giant grasps only the cloak

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 worn	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 worn	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 worn	aux:pass
4	worn	wear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	loose	loose	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 worn	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 grasps	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	10 grasps	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Giant	det
9	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 grasps	nsubj
10	grasps	grasp	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worn	conj
11	only	only	ADV	_	13 cloak	advmod
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 cloak	det
13	cloak	cloak	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 grasps	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	must · passive		It				loose property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
2	grasp	present	the Giant	the cloak					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cloak=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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