Exam question 2 · Russian Fairy Tales, The Dragon Emperor, part 11: the prin…

In what manner does the dragon acquire the wonderful horse, according to his own account?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: manner, you · What happens: do, acquire, accord, account · To what, where: dragon, wonderful horse

This is exam question 2 of lesson 1760 «Russian Fairy Tales, The Dragon Emperor, part 11: the prince frees a fish, a fox and a wolf, then serves the old woman» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	SCONJ	_	4 does	mark
2	what	what	DET	PronType=Int	3 manner	det
3	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 does	nsubj
4	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 acquire	advcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 dragon	det
6	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 does	obj
7	acquire	acquire	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 horse	det
9	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 horse	amod
10	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 acquire	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 account	punct
12	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 account	case
13	to	to	ADP	_	12 according	fixed
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 account	nmod:poss
15	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 account	amod
16	account	account	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 acquire	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 acquire	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do	present	what manner	the dragon		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dragon=Eventuality
2	acquire	imperative	you not said here	the wonderful horse	accord manner's own account	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset horse=Theme
3	accord	gerund				vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
4	account		manner			nom account «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He bought it outright

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 bought	nsubj
2	bought	buy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 bought	obj
4	outright	outright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 bought	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	buy	past	He	it				outright property	vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He serves the old woman for three whole days, guarding her mare and foal without letting them escape

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 serves	nsubj
2	serves	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 woman	det
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 woman	amod
5	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serves	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	9 days	case
7	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 days	nummod
8	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 days	amod
9	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 serves	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 guarding	punct
11	guarding	guard	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 serves	conj
12	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 mare	nmod:poss
13	mare	mare	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 guarding	obj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 foal	cc
15	foal	foal	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 mare	conj
16	without	without	SCONJ	_	17 letting	mark
17	letting	let	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 guarding	advcl
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 letting	obj
19	escape	escape	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 letting	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	roles by
1	serve	present	He	the old woman		day	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Attribute
2	guard	gerund	He not said here		woman's mare and foal		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mare=Beneficiary
3	let	gerund	He not said here	mare			tree rules
4	escape	infinitive	mare not said here				vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He stole it from her

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stole	nsubj
2	stole	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stole	obj
4	from	from	ADP	_	5 her	case
5	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stole	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	past	He	it				from her = she	vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Theme from she=Source

Option 4

He traded his own silver saddle to the old woman for a single night of rest

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 traded	nsubj
2	traded	trade	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 saddle	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 saddle	amod
5	silver	silver	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 saddle	compound
6	saddle	saddle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 traded	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	10 woman	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 woman	det
9	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 woman	amod
10	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 traded	obl
11	for	for	ADP	_	14 night	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 night	det
13	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 night	amod
14	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 traded	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 rest	case
16	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 night	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	trade	past	He	his own silver saddle			night	to the old woman	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saddle=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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