Exam question 4 · Russian Fairy Tales, The Dragon Emperor, part 11: the prin…
Which of the following correctly identifies the agent by whom the prince is assisted in recovering the mare?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, identify, assist, recover · To what, where: agent, prince, mare
This is exam question 4 of lesson 1760 «Russian Fairy Tales, The Dragon Emperor, part 11: the prince frees a fish, a fox and a wolf, then serves the old woman» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 identifies | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 6 identifies | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 identifies | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 identifies | csubj |
| 5 | correctly | correctly | ADV | _ | 4 following | advmod |
| 6 | identifies | identify | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 agent | det |
| 8 | agent | agent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 identifies | obj |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 whom | case |
| 10 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 identifies | obl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 prince | det |
| 12 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 assisted | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 assisted | aux:pass |
| 14 | assisted | assist | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 whom | acl:relcl |
| 15 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 16 recovering | mark |
| 16 | recovering | recover | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 assisted | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 mare | det |
| 18 | mare | mare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 recovering | obj |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 identifies | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | correctly property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | identify | present | the agent | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | assist | present · passive | the prince | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary | |||||
| 4 | recover | gerund | the mare | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mare=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
The empress, who slipped a silver ring to the prince through the bars of her palace window
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 empress | det |
| 2 | empress | empress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 slipped | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 slipped | punct |
| 4 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 slipped | nsubj |
| 5 | slipped | slip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 ring | det |
| 7 | silver | silver | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 ring | amod |
| 8 | ring | ring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 slipped | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 prince | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 prince | det |
| 11 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 slipped | obl |
| 12 | through | through | ADP | _ | 14 bars | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 bars | det |
| 14 | bars | bar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 slipped | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 window | case |
| 16 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 window | nmod:poss |
| 17 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 window | compound |
| 18 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 bars | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | slip | past | the empress | a silver ring | the prince | the bars of empress's palace window | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent ring=Theme to prince=Destination |
Option 2
The voice from the cask, which followed the prince across the mountains and whispered directions to him in the dark until dawn broke
The tree, 23 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 voice | det |
| 2 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 followed | nsubj |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 cask | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 cask | det |
| 5 | cask | cask | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 voice | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 followed | punct |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 followed | nsubj |
| 8 | followed | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 prince | det |
| 10 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 followed | obj |
| 11 | across | across | ADP | _ | 13 mountains | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 mountains | det |
| 13 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 followed | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 whispered | cc |
| 15 | whispered | whisper | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 followed | conj |
| 16 | directions | direction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 whispered | obj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 him | case |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 whispered | obl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 dark | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 dark | det |
| 21 | dark | dark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 whispered | obl |
| 22 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 24 broke | mark |
| 23 | dawn | dawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 broke | nsubj |
| 24 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 whispered | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | past | the voice from the cask | the prince | the mountains | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent prince=Theme across mountain=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | whisper speech: assert | past | the voice from the cask not said here | directions | voice | the dark | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent direction=Topic to he=Recipient | ||
| 3 | break | past | dawn | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
The little fish, summoned by the twisting of the scale that the prince had preserved from the river
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 fish | det |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 fish | amod |
| 3 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 summoned | punct |
| 5 | summoned | summon | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 fish | acl |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 twisting | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 twisting | det |
| 8 | twisting | twisting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 summoned | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 scale | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 scale | det |
| 11 | scale | scale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 twisting | nmod |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 preserved | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 prince | det |
| 14 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 preserved | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 preserved | aux |
| 16 | preserved | preserve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 fish | acl |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 river | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 river | det |
| 19 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 preserved | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | summon | participle | the little fish not said here | by the twisting of the scale | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | preserve | past · perfect · passive | the little fish not said here | the prince | from the river | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Beneficiary from river=Theme | |||
| 3 | twist | the scale | nom twisting «act transitive»: of=patient |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
The little fish, summoned by the twisting of a scale that the prince had kept safe in his pocket since the day he found the talking cask in the forest
The tree, 30 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 fish | det |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 fish | amod |
| 3 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 summoned | punct |
| 5 | summoned | summon | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 fish | acl |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 twisting | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 twisting | det |
| 8 | twisting | twisting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 summoned | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 scale | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 scale | det |
| 11 | scale | scale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 twisting | nmod |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 kept | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 prince | det |
| 14 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 kept | aux |
| 16 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 summoned | advcl |
| 17 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 kept | xcomp |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 pocket | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 pocket | nmod:poss |
| 20 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 kept | obl | ||
| 21 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 25 found | mark |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 day | det |
| 23 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 found | obl:unmarked |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 found | nsubj |
| 25 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 kept | advcl |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 cask | det |
| 27 | talking | talking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 cask | compound |
| 28 | cask | cask | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 found | obj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 forest | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 forest | det |
| 31 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 found | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | summon | participle | the little fish not said here | by the twisting of a scale | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | keep | past · perfect · passive | the prince | fish's pocket | safe property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in pocket=Location | |||
| 3 | find | past | fish | the talking cask | the forest | day | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cask=Topic | ||
| 4 | twist | a scale | nom twisting «act transitive»: of=patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1760-pg641-part11/e4/