Test 8 · ★ · Project Gutenberg 641, Stan Bolovan: the dragon flees from…
Why were the kids so starving, anyway?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: kids · What happens: starve
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 1771 «Project Gutenberg 641, Stan Bolovan: the dragon flees from a hundred children» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 starving | advmod |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 starving | aux |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 kids | det |
| 4 | kids | kid | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 starving | nsubj |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 starving | advmod |
| 6 | starving | starve | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 starving | punct |
| 8 | anyway | anyway | ADV | _ | 6 starving | advmod |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 6 starving | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | starve | past · progressive | the kids | anyway property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Their dad stole all the bread last week
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 dad | nmod:poss |
| 2 | dad | dad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stole | nsubj |
| 3 | stole | steal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 bread | det:predet |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bread | det |
| 6 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stole | obj |
| 7 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 week | amod |
| 8 | week | week | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stole | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | steal | past | Their dad | all bread | week | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bread=Theme |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
They hadn't eaten since their dad left, and the whole village had run out of bread
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 eaten | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 eaten | aux |
| 3 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 eaten | advmod |
| 4 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 8 left | mark |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 dad | nmod:poss |
| 7 | dad | dad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 left | nsubj |
| 8 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 eaten | advcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 run | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 run | cc |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 village | det |
| 12 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 village | amod |
| 13 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 run | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 run | aux |
| 15 | run | run | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 eaten | conj |
| 16 | out | out | ADP | _ | 18 bread | case |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 bread | case |
| 18 | bread | bread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 run | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not eat | past · perfect | They | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | leave | past | their dad | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | run | past · perfect · passive | the whole village | bread | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme out bread=Trajectory |
Option 3
They hadn't eaten since their dad left to sell the cows at the market in town
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 eaten | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 eaten | aux |
| 3 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 eaten | advmod |
| 4 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 8 left | mark |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 dad | nmod:poss |
| 7 | dad | dad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 left | nsubj |
| 8 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 eaten | ccomp |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 sell | mark |
| 10 | sell | sell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 left | xcomp |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 cows | det |
| 12 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 sell | obj |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 market | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 market | det |
| 15 | market | market | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 sell | obl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 town | case |
| 17 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 market | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not eat | past · perfect | They | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | leave | past | their dad | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | sell | to-infinitive | their dad not said here | the cows | the market in town | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent cow=Theme at market=Asset |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
They hadn't eaten since their dad left
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 eaten | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 eaten | aux |
| 3 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 eaten | advmod |
| 4 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | since | since | ADP | _ | 7 dad | case |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 dad | nmod:poss |
| 7 | dad | dad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 eaten | obl |
| 8 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 dad | acl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not eat | past · perfect | They | since their dad | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | leave | participle | their dad not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1771-pg641-part22/t8/