Exam question 1 · Arabian Nights, Sindbad the Sailor, part 23: Sindbad escap…

By what means did the protagonist effect his egress from the valley?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: his · What happens: mean, do, egress · To what, where: protagonist effect, valley · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 183 «Arabian Nights, Sindbad the Sailor, part 23: Sindbad escapes the diamond valley on an eagle's meat and sails home with the merchants.» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	3 means	mark
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 means	ccomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 effect	det
6	protagonist	protagonist	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 effect	compound
7	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	obj
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 egress	nmod:poss
9	egress	egress	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	obj
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 valley	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 valley	det
12	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	mean	present				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	do	past		the protagonist effect	the valley	tree rules
3	egress		his = he			nom egress «event intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

By affixing himself to flesh borne aloft by an eagle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 affixing	mark
2	affixing	affix	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 affixing	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	6 borne	mark
5	flesh	flesh	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 borne	aux:pass
6	borne	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 affixing	advcl
7	aloft	aloft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 borne	xcomp
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 eagle	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 eagle	det
10	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 borne	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	affix	gerund		himself = he					vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient
2	bear	to-infinitive · passive	a eagle					aloft property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

By fastening himself to a large piece of meat that an eagle carried high above the cliffs

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 fastening	mark
2	fastening	fasten	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 fastening	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 piece	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 piece	det
6	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 piece	amod
7	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fastening	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 meat	case
9	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 piece	nmod
10	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 carried	nsubj:pass
11	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 eagle	det
12	eagle	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 carried	nsubj
13	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 meat	acl:relcl
14	high	high	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 carried	advmod
15	above	above	ADP	_	17 cliffs	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 cliffs	det
17	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fasten	gerund		himself = he				to a large piece of meat	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient to piece=Co-Patient
2	carry	participle · passive		meat		the cliffs		high property	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

By fastening himself to meat carried by a flying bird

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 fastening	mark
2	fastening	fasten	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 fastening	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 meat	case
5	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 fastening	obl
6	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 meat	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	10 bird	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 bird	det
9	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 bird	amod
10	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 carried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	fasten	gerund	himself = he	to meat	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient to meat=Co-Patient
2	carry	participle	meat not said here	by a flying bird	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	fly	gerund			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

By clinging to a bird that flew with meat tied on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 clinging	mark
2	clinging	cling	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 bird	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bird	det
5	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 clinging	obl
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 flew	nsubj
7	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 bird	acl:relcl
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 meat	case
9	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flew	obl
10	tied	tie	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 meat	acl
11	on	on	ADP	_	10 tied	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	cling	gerund			to a bird	vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to bird=Co-Theme
2	fly	past	a bird		with meat	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	tie on	participle		meat not said here		vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/183-pg128-part23/e1/