Test 12 · ★ · Fairy Book, Mannikin, part 29: a mocked Ambassador, a war,…

Was there a massive fight at the start, or did it all just kick off later?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: fight · What happens: kick off

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 1892 «Fairy Book, Mannikin, part 29: a mocked Ambassador, a war, and Brandatimor defeated» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 did	cop
2	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	1 Was	expl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 fight	det
4	massive	massive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 fight	amod
5	fight	fight	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Was	nsubj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 start	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 start	det
8	start	start	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fight	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 did	punct
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 did	cc
11	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 kick	aux
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 kick	nsubj
13	all	all	ADV	_	15 kick	advmod
14	just	just	ADV	_	15 kick	advmod
15	kick	kick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
16	off	off	ADP	_	15 kick	compound:prt
17	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	15 kick	advmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	15 kick	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kick off	past · do-support	fight					all, late property	vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The fighting started quietly at the frontier, with lots of small skirmishes and raids

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fighting	det
2	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 started	nsubj
3	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	3 started	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 frontier	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 frontier	det
7	frontier	frontier	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 started	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 lots	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 lots	case
10	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 started	parataxis
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 skirmishes	case
12	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 skirmishes	amod
13	skirmishes	skirmish	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lots	nmod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 raids	cc
15	raids	raid	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 skirmishes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	past	the fighting			the frontier		quietly property	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 2

The fighting began at the border with raids

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fighting	det
2	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 began	nsubj
3	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 border	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 border	det
6	border	border	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 began	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	8 raids	case
8	raids	raid	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 began	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	the fighting			the border		with raids	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with raid=Subeventuality

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The fighting started at the frontier, with lots of skirmishes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fighting	det
2	fighting	fighting	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 started	nsubj
3	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 frontier	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 frontier	det
6	frontier	frontier	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 started	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 lots	punct
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 lots	case
9	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 started	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 skirmishes	case
11	skirmishes	skirmish	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 lots	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	past	the fighting			the frontier		with lots of skirmishes	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with lot=Subeventuality

Option 4

There was a massive battle at the start, right at the frontier, and then calm

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 battle	det
4	massive	massive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 battle	amod
5	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 start	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 start	det
8	start	start	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 frontier	punct
10	right	right	ADV	_	13 frontier	advmod
11	at	at	ADP	_	13 frontier	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 frontier	det
13	frontier	frontier	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 start	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 calm	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 calm	cc
16	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	17 calm	advmod
17	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 was	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a massive battle			the start and the frontier; there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at start=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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