Exam question 1 · Fairy Tales, The Little Soldier, part 36: John rescues Lud…

Which of the following best describes the means by which John overcame the goblins in the chamber?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: the, John · What happens: follow, describe, mean, overcome · To what, where: goblins · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1899 «Fairy Tales, The Little Soldier, part 36: John rescues Ludovine from the goblins, sleeps through his chances, and is carried off to the Low Countries.» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 describes	obj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 best	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 best	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 best	case
5	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 describes	nmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 means	nsubj
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 describes	ccomp
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 which	case
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 overcame	obl
11	John	John	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 overcame	nsubj
12	overcame	overcome	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 means	ccomp
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 goblins	det
14	goblins	goblin	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 overcame	obj
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 chamber	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 chamber	det
17	chamber	chamber	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 overcame	obl
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present			of the best	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent which=Theme clause=Attribute
3	mean	present	the			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	overcome	past	John	the goblins	in the chamber	vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot goblin=Theme in chamber=Attribute

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He wrenched a great iron gate from the wall and trapped them under it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wrenched	nsubj
2	wrenched	wrench	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 gate	det
4	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 gate	amod
5	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gate	compound
6	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wrenched	obj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 wall	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wall	det
9	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wrenched	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 trapped	cc
11	trapped	trap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 wrenched	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 trapped	obj
13	under	under	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 trapped	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wrench	past	He	a great iron gate		the wall			vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent gate=Theme from wall=Initial_Location
2	trap	participle	He not said here	them = they		wall			vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme under it=Destination

Option 2

He dragged a massive stone slab over them to crush them flat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 dragged	nsubj
2	dragged	drag	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 slab	det
4	massive	massive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 slab	amod
5	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 slab	compound
6	slab	slab	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dragged	obj
7	over	over	ADP	_	8 them	case
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 dragged	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 crush	mark
10	crush	crush	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 dragged	advcl
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 crush	obj
12	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 crush	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drag	past	He	a massive stone slab				over them = they	vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slab=Theme
2	crush	to-infinitive	He not said here	them = they				flat property	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He detached a heavy oaken door from its hinges and crushed them beneath it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 detached	nsubj
2	detached	detach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 door	det
4	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 door	amod
5	oaken	oaken	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 door	amod
6	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 detached	obj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 hinges	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 hinges	nmod:poss
9	hinges	hinge	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 detached	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 crushed	cc
11	crushed	crush	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 detached	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 crushed	obj
13	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 crushed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	detach	past	He	a heavy oaken door				from door's hinges	vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient from hinge=Co-Patient
2	crush	past	He not said here	hinges = hinge				beneath door	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

He fought them with his bare hands

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 fought	nsubj
2	fought	fight	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 fought	obj
4	with	with	ADP	_	7 hands	case
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 hands	nmod:poss
6	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 hands	amod
7	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 fought	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fight	past	He	them = they				with his bare hands	vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Co-Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/1899-pg7277-part36/e1/