Exam question 1 · English Fairy Tales, Binnorie: the cruel sister drowns the…

In what manner does the elder sister respond to the drowning princess's appeal for assistance?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: drowning princess · What happens: do, drown, appeal · To what, where: elder sister respond, manner

This is exam question 1 of lesson 1949 «English Fairy Tales, Binnorie: the cruel sister drowns the youngest princess and the harp tells the truth» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 manner	case
2	what	what	DET	PronType=Int	3 manner	det
3	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 does	obl
4	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 respond	det
6	elder	elder	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 respond	amod
7	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 respond	compound
8	respond	respond	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 does	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	14 appeal	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 princess	det
11	drowning	drown	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 princess	amod
12	princess	princess	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 appeal	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 princess	case
14	appeal	appeal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 respond	nmod
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 assistance	case
16	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 appeal	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 does	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	do	present		the elder sister respond	what manner	to the drowning princess's appeal for assistance	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent respond=Eventuality
2	drown	gerund					vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	appeal		the drowning princess			for assistance	nom appeal «communication intransitive»: poss=agent for=obl

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

She ignores the plea, declaring the water is none of her business

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ignores	nsubj
2	ignores	ignore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 plea	det
4	plea	plea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ignores	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 declaring	punct
6	declaring	declare	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 none	csubj
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 declaring	obj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 none	cop
10	none	none	PRON	PronType=Neg	2 ignores	parataxis
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 business	case
12	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 business	nmod:poss
13	business	business	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 none	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	ignore	present	She	the plea		vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plea=Theme
2	declare speech: other	gerund		the water		vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Attribute
3	is a	present	declaring	none	of her business	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

She agrees, declaring she will extend her hand and glove to her

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 agrees	nsubj
2	agrees	agree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 declaring	punct
4	declaring	declare	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 agrees	advcl
5	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 extend	nsubj
6	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 extend	aux
7	extend	extend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 declaring	ccomp
8	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 hand	nmod:poss
9	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 extend	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 glove	cc
11	glove	glove	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hand	conj
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 her	case
13	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 extend	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	agree speech: agree	present	She			vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	declare speech: other	gerund	She not said here			vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	extend	future	she	her hand and glove	her = she	vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent hand=Theme to she=Recipient

Option 3

She refuses outright, declaring she will extend neither hand nor glove to her sister, ever again

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 refuses	nsubj
2	refuses	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	outright	outright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 refuses	xcomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 declaring	punct
5	declaring	declare	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 refuses	advcl
6	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 extend	nsubj
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 extend	aux
8	extend	extend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 declaring	ccomp
9	neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	10 hand	det
10	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 extend	obj
11	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	12 glove	cc
12	glove	glove	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hand	conj
13	to	to	ADP	_	15 sister	case
14	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 sister	nmod:poss
15	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 extend	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 ever	punct
17	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	2 refuses	advmod
18	again	again	ADV	_	2 refuses	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	present	She			ever; again	outright property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	declare speech: other	gerund	She not said here					vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	extend	future	she	neither hand nor glove	her sister			vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent hand=Theme to sister=Recipient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

She refuses, declaring she will extend neither hand nor glove

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 refuses	nsubj
2	refuses	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 declaring	punct
4	declaring	declare	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 refuses	advcl
5	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 extend	nsubj
6	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 extend	aux
7	extend	extend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 declaring	ccomp
8	neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	9 hand	det
9	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 extend	obj
10	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	11 glove	cc
11	glove	glove	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hand	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	refuse	present	She		vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	declare speech: other	gerund	She not said here		vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	extend	future	she	neither hand nor glove	vn body_motion-49.2-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent hand=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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