Exam question 2 · Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies: the Pygmies try to finish o…

To what extent did the strategy of the Pygmy captains succeed in their stated objective of destroying the sleeping Hercules before he could rise?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: extent, Pygmy captains, stated objective · What happens: do, succeed, state, destroy, sleep, rise · To what, where: strategy, stated objective, sleeping Hercules

This is exam question 2 of lesson 2054 «Tanglewood Tales, The Pygmies: the Pygmies try to finish off the sleeping Hercules, but he wakes, laughs at their champion, spares them, and leaves» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 did	obj
3	extent	extent	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	nsubj
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 strategy	det
6	strategy	strategy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 did	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 captains	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 captains	det
9	Pygmy	pygmy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 captains	amod
10	captains	captain	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 succeed	nsubj
11	succeed	succeed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 strategy	acl:relcl
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 objective	case
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 objective	nmod:poss
14	stated	state	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 objective	amod
15	objective	objective	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 succeed	obl
16	of	of	SCONJ	_	17 destroying	mark
17	destroying	destroy	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 objective	acl
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Hercules	det
19	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	20 Hercules	amod
20	Hercules	Hercules	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 destroying	obj
21	before	before	SCONJ	_	24 rise	mark
22	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 rise	nsubj
23	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 rise	aux
24	rise	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 destroying	advcl
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	do	past	extent	the strategy		tree rules
2	succeed	present	the Pygmy captains	the strategy not said here	captains's stated objective	tree rules
3	state speech: other	participle				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	destroy	gerund	captains's stated objective not said here	the sleeping Hercules		vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hercules=Patient
5	sleep	gerund				vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	rise	could	extent			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

It failed, since Hercules awoke, extinguished his burning hair, and retained his composure

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 failed	nsubj
2	failed	fail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 awoke	punct
4	since	since	SCONJ	_	6 awoke	mark
5	Hercules	Hercules	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 awoke	nsubj
6	awoke	awake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 failed	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 extinguished	punct
8	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 awoke	conj
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 hair	nmod:poss
10	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 hair	amod
11	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 extinguished	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 retained	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 retained	cc
14	retained	retain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 failed	conj
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 composure	nmod:poss
16	composure	composure	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 retained	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	fail	past	It		vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	awake	past	Hercules		vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	extinguish	past	Hercules not said here	Hercules's burning hair	vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hair=Patient
4	burn	gerund			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	retain	past		Hercules's composure	tree rules

Option 2

It succeeded, since Hercules burned badly and remained asleep until the fire died

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 succeeded	nsubj
2	succeeded	succeed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 burned	punct
4	since	since	SCONJ	_	6 burned	mark
5	Hercules	Hercules	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 burned	nsubj
6	burned	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 succeeded	conj
7	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 burned	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 remained	cc
9	remained	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 succeeded	conj
10	asleep	asleep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 remained	xcomp
11	until	until	SCONJ	_	14 died	mark
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 fire	det
13	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 died	nsubj
14	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 remained	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	succeed	past	It		vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	burn	past	Hercules	badly property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location
3	remain	past		asleep property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	die	past	the fire		vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 3

It failed entirely, since Hercules awoke at once, put out his burning hair with his hands, and remained calm, composed, and unmoved throughout the whole affair

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 failed	nsubj
2	failed	fail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	2 failed	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 awoke	punct
5	since	since	SCONJ	_	7 awoke	mark
6	Hercules	Hercules	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 awoke	nsubj
7	awoke	awake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 failed	parataxis
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 once	case
9	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	7 awoke	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 put	punct
11	put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 awoke	conj
12	out	out	ADP	_	11 put	compound:prt
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 hair	nmod:poss
14	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 hair	amod
15	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 put	obj
16	with	with	ADP	_	18 hands	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 hands	nmod:poss
18	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 put	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 remained	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 remained	cc
21	remained	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 failed	parataxis
22	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 remained	xcomp
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 composed	punct
24	composed	compose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 remained	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 unmoved	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 unmoved	cc
27	unmoved	unmoved	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 failed	parataxis
28	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	31 affair	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 affair	det
30	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 affair	amod
31	affair	affair	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 unmoved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	fail	past	It		entirely property	vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	awake	past	Hercules			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at once=Location
3	put out	infinitive	Hercules not said here	Hercules's burning hair	with Hercules's hands	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hair=Goal
4	burn	gerund				vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	remain	past			calm property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	compose	participle				vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It failed, since Hercules awoke, extinguished his burning hair, retained his composure, and then laughed at the captains for their foolish plan of attack

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 failed	nsubj
2	failed	fail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 awoke	punct
4	since	since	SCONJ	_	6 awoke	mark
5	Hercules	Hercules	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 awoke	nsubj
6	awoke	awake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 failed	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 extinguished	punct
8	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 awoke	conj
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 hair	nmod:poss
10	burning	burn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 hair	amod
11	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 extinguished	obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 retained	punct
13	retained	retain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 failed	conj
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 composure	nmod:poss
15	composure	composure	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 retained	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 laughed	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 laughed	cc
18	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 laughed	advmod
19	laughed	laugh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 failed	conj
20	at	at	ADP	_	22 captains	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 captains	det
22	captains	captain	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 laughed	obl
23	for	for	ADP	_	26 plan	case
24	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 plan	nmod:poss
25	foolish	foolish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 plan	amod
26	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 laughed	obl
27	of	of	ADP	_	28 attack	case
28	attack	attack	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 plan	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fail	past	It					vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	awake	past	Hercules					vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	extinguish	past	Hercules not said here	Hercules's burning hair				vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hair=Patient
4	burn	gerund						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	retain	past		Hercules's composure				tree rules
6	laugh	past			the captains	then	for captains's foolish plan of attack	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	plan		captains = captain	attack				nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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