Exam question 3 · Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali…
Which of the following most accurately describes the reason Ali Cogia gave for deciding to undertake his pilgrimage at last?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ali · What happens: follow, describe, give, decide, undertake · To what, where: reason, pilgrimage, last
This is exam question 3 of lesson 219 «Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, Merchant of Bagdad, part 1: Ali hides gold in a vase of olives, and his friend steals it» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 following | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 following | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 following | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 6 accurately | advmod |
| 6 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 7 describes | advmod |
| 7 | describes | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 following | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 reason | det |
| 9 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 describes | obj |
| 10 | Ali | Ali | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 gave | nsubj |
| 11 | Cogia | Cogia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Ali | flat |
| 12 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 reason | acl:relcl |
| 13 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 14 deciding | mark |
| 14 | deciding | decide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 gave | advcl |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 undertake | mark |
| 16 | undertake | undertake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 deciding | xcomp |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 pilgrimage | nmod:poss |
| 18 | pilgrimage | pilgrimage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 undertake | obj |
| 19 | at | at | ADP | _ | 20 last | case |
| 20 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 undertake | obl |
| 21 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 following | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | describe | present | the reason | accurately property | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | ||||
| 3 | give | past | Ali | the reason not said here | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | ||||
| 4 | decide | gerund | Ali not said here | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | undertake not said to happen | to-infinitive | Ali not said here | Ali's pilgrimage | last | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pilgrimage=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
He kept having a warning dream from God
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 kept | nsubj |
| 2 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 kept | xcomp |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 dream | det |
| 5 | warning | warning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dream | compound |
| 6 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 having | obj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 God | case |
| 8 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 having | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | past | He | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | have | gerund | He not said here | a warning dream | from God | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dream=Patient |
Option 2
He was warned by the same dream
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 warned | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 warned | aux:pass |
| 3 | warned | warn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 dream | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dream | det |
| 6 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 dream | amod |
| 7 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 warned | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | warn speech: warn | past · passive | the same dream | He | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
He had been warned by a repeated dream
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 warned | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 warned | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 warned | aux:pass |
| 4 | warned | warn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 dream | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 dream | det |
| 7 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 dream | amod |
| 8 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 warned | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | warn speech: warn | past · perfect · passive | a repeated dream | He | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | repeat | participle | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
Option 4
He had been warned by a repeated dream in which an old man scolded him for delaying
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 warned | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 warned | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 warned | aux:pass |
| 4 | warned | warn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 dream | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 dream | det |
| 7 | repeated | repeat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 dream | amod |
| 8 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 warned | obl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 which | case |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 scolded | obl |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 man | det |
| 12 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 man | amod |
| 13 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 scolded | nsubj |
| 14 | scolded | scold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 dream | acl:relcl |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 scolded | obj |
| 16 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 17 delaying | mark |
| 17 | delaying | delay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 scolded | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | warn speech: warn | past · perfect · passive | a repeated dream | He | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | repeat | participle | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 3 | scold | past | a old man | him = he | a repeated dream | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 4 | delay | gerund | a old man not said here | vn delay-53.3-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/219-pg128-part59/e3/