Test 5 · ★★★ · Alice in Wonderland, chapter XI, part 2: Who Stole the Tar…

«He denies it: leave out that part.» What is wrong with this way of judging?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: He, way · What happens: deny, leave out, be, judge · To what, where: it, part

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 22 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter XI, part 2: Who Stole the Tarts? (the Hatter, the cook and a surprise witness)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «He denies it: leave out that part.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 denies	punct
2	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 denies	nsubj
3	denies	deny	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 denies	obj
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 leave	punct
6	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 denies	conj
7	out	out	ADP	_	6 leave	compound:prt
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 part	det
9	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 leave	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 denies	punct
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 denies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deny in a quote	present	He	it					vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
2	leave out in a quote	infinitive	He not said here	that part					vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong with this way of judging?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 way	case
5	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 way	det
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wrong	obl
7	of	of	SCONJ	_	8 judging	mark
8	judging	judge	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 way	acl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						with this way; wrong property	tree rules
2	judge	gerund	this way not said here						vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

If anyone can just deny a thing, then no evidence would ever count against them in any court at all

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	5 deny	mark
2	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 deny	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 deny	aux
4	just	just	ADV	_	5 deny	advmod
5	deny	deny	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 count	advcl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 thing	det
7	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 deny	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 deny	punct
9	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	14 count	advmod
10	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	11 evidence	det
11	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 count	nsubj
12	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 count	aux
13	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	14 count	advmod
14	count	count	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
15	against	against	ADP	_	16 them	case
16	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 count	obl
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 court	case
18	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	19 court	det
19	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 count	obl
20	at	at	ADP	_	21 all	case
21	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	14 count	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deny a condition, not said to happen	can	anyone	a thing					vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
2	count	would	no evidence			any court	then; ever	against them = they; at all	vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

Anyone who denies a thing must be guilty of it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	8 guilty	nsubj
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 denies	nsubj
3	denies	deny	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Anyone	acl:relcl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 thing	det
5	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 denies	obj
6	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 guilty	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 guilty	cop
8	guilty	guilty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 it	case
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 guilty	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deny	present		a thing					vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
2	is	must	Anyone					of thing; guilty property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

If anyone can just deny a thing, no evidence would ever count

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	5 deny	mark
2	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	5 deny	nsubj
3	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 deny	aux
4	just	just	ADV	_	5 deny	advmod
5	deny	deny	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 count	advcl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 thing	det
7	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 deny	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 deny	punct
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 evidence	det
10	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 count	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 count	aux
12	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	13 count	advmod
13	count	count	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deny a condition, not said to happen	can	anyone	a thing					vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
2	count	would	no evidence				ever		vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The King is right to leave out that part, since a denial must always be false and must be struck out

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 King	det
2	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 leave	mark
6	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 right	csubj
7	out	out	ADP	_	6 leave	compound:prt
8	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 part	det
9	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 leave	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 false	punct
11	since	since	SCONJ	_	17 false	mark
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 denial	det
13	denial	denial	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 false	nsubj
14	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 false	aux
15	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	17 false	advmod
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 false	cop
17	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 right	conj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 struck	cc
19	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 struck	aux
20	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	21 struck	aux:pass
21	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 right	conj
22	out	out	ADP	_	21 struck	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	the King		right property	tree rules
2	leave out	to-infinitive		that part		vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme
3	is	must	a denial		always, false property	tree rules
4	strike out	must · passive	the King not said here			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/22-alice-who-stole-the-tarts-2/t5/