Exam question 3 · Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, part 60: the Cadi's trial is re…

Which observation by the little Cadi exposed the deception concerning the olives?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: observation, deception, little Cadi · What happens: expose, concern, observe · To what, where: deception, olives

This is exam question 3 of lesson 220 «Arabian Nights, Ali Cogia, part 60: the Cadi's trial is replayed by children, and a clever boy spots the trick» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 observation	det
2	observation	observation	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 exposed	nsubj
3	by	by	ADP	_	6 Cadi	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Cadi	det
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 Cadi	amod
6	Cadi	Cadi	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 observation	nmod
7	exposed	expose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 deception	det
9	deception	deception	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 exposed	obj
10	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 deception	acl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 olives	det
12	olives	olive	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 concerning	obj
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 exposed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	expose	past	which observation by the little Cadi	the deception	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot deception=Topic
2	concern	gerund	the deception not said here	the olives	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus olive=Experiencer
3	observe		the little Cadi		nom observation «act transitive»: by=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He pointed out that the merchant had told the Cadi a different story about the olives and the vase twice.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 pointed	nsubj
2	pointed	point	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADP	_	2 pointed	compound:prt
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 told	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 merchant	det
6	merchant	merchant	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 told	nsubj:pass
7	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 told	aux
8	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 pointed	advcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Cadi	det
10	Cadi	Cadi	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 told	iobj
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 story	det
12	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 story	amod
13	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 told	obj
14	about	about	ADP	_	16 olives	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 olives	det
16	olives	olive	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 story	nmod
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 vase	cc
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 vase	det
19	vase	vase	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 olives	conj
20	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	8 told	advmod
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 pointed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	point out	past	He						vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	tell speech: assert	past · perfect · passive		the merchant	the Cadi			twice property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He remarked that olives seven years old ought not to taste so excellent.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 remarked	nsubj
2	remarked	remark	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 taste	mark
4	olives	olive	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 taste	nsubj
5	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 years	nummod
6	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 olives	conj
7	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 olives	amod
8	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 taste	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 taste	advmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 taste	mark
11	taste	taste	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 remarked	ccomp
12	so	so	ADV	_	13 excellent	advmod
13	excellent	excellent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 taste	xcomp
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 remarked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remark speech: assert	past	He						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not taste	ought	olives and seven years					excellent property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He remarked that olives kept for seven years ought to be spoiled, and yet they were sweet and excellent.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 remarked	nsubj
2	remarked	remark	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 spoiled	mark
4	olives	olive	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 spoiled	nsubj:pass
5	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 olives	acl
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 years	case
7	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 years	nummod
8	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 kept	obl
9	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 spoiled	aux
10	to	to	PART	_	12 spoiled	mark
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 spoiled	aux:pass
12	spoiled	spoil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 remarked	advcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 sweet	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 sweet	cc
15	yet	yet	ADV	_	18 sweet	advmod
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 sweet	nsubj
17	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 sweet	cop
18	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 remarked	parataxis
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 excellent	cc
20	excellent	excellent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 sweet	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 remarked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	remark speech: assert	past	He				vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	keep	participle		olives not said here	year		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	spoil	ought · passive		olives			tree rules
4	is	past	olives = olive		yet	sweet property	tree rules
5	be		olives = olive not said here				tree rules

Option 4

He observed that the seal on the vase had been broken twice already.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 observed	nsubj
2	observed	observe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 broken	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 seal	det
5	seal	seal	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 broken	nsubj:pass
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 vase	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 vase	det
8	vase	vase	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 seal	nmod
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 broken	aux
10	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 broken	aux:pass
11	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 observed	ccomp
12	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	11 broken	advmod
13	already	already	ADV	_	11 broken	advmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 observed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	observe	past	He						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	break	past · perfect · passive		the seal on the vase				twice property	vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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