Exam question 1 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Galoshes of Fortune: the young…
Identify the means by which the young man conveys himself from Switzerland to Italy, and state whether the text presents this transfer as physically achieved.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, the, young man, state · What happens: identify, mean, convey, present, achieve · To what, where: man, Italy, Switzerland, transfer
This is exam question 1 of lesson 284 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Galoshes of Fortune: the young man dies and Care takes the galoshes» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Identify | identify | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 means | nsubj |
| 3 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Identify | ccomp |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 conveys | obl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 man | det |
| 7 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 man | amod |
| 8 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 conveys | nsubj |
| 9 | conveys | convey | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 means | parataxis |
| 10 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 conveys | obj |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 Switzerland | case |
| 12 | Switzerland | Switzerland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 conveys | obl |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 Italy | case |
| 14 | Italy | Italy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 conveys | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 presents | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 presents | cc |
| 17 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 presents | nsubj |
| 18 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 20 text | mark |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 text | det |
| 20 | text | text | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 state | nmod |
| 21 | presents | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Identify | parataxis |
| 22 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 transfer | det |
| 23 | transfer | transfer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 presents | obj |
| 24 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 26 achieved | cc |
| 25 | physically | physically | ADV | _ | 24 as | fixed |
| 26 | achieved | achieve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 presents | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Identify | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | identify | imperative | you not said here | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | mean | present | the | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | convey | present | the young man | man | Italy | Switzerland | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme from switzerland=Initial_Location to italy=Destination | ||
| 4 | present | present | state the text | this transfer | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transfer=Theme | ||||
| 5 | achieve | participle | state the text not said here | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
He walks across the Alps on foot, a journey the text declines to describe
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 walks | nsubj |
| 2 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | across | across | ADP | _ | 5 Alps | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Alps | det |
| 5 | Alps | Alp | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 walks | obl |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 foot | case |
| 7 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 walks | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 journey | punct |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 journey | det |
| 10 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 walks | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 text | det |
| 12 | text | text | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 declines | nsubj |
| 13 | declines | decline | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 journey | acl:relcl |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 describe | mark |
| 15 | describe | describe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 declines | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | present | He | the Alps | on foot | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across alp=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | decline | present | the text | a journey not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not describe | to-infinitive | the text not said here | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
Option 2
He travels by coach over the mountain passes, as the text describes at length
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 travels | nsubj |
| 2 | travels | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 coach | case |
| 4 | coach | coach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 travels | obl |
| 5 | over | over | SCONJ | _ | 8 passes | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 mountain | det |
| 7 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 passes | nsubj |
| 8 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 travels | advcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 describes | punct |
| 10 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 describes | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 text | det |
| 12 | text | text | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 describes | nsubj |
| 13 | describes | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 travels | parataxis |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 length | case |
| 15 | length | length | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 describes | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | travel | present | He | by coach | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by coach=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | pass | present | the mountain | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | describe | present | the text | length | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
He relocates by wish alone, and the text presents the transfer as accomplished
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 relocates | nsubj |
| 2 | relocates | relocate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 wish | case |
| 4 | wish | wish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 relocates | obl |
| 5 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 2 relocates | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 presents | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 presents | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 text | det |
| 9 | text | text | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 presents | nsubj |
| 10 | presents | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 relocates | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 transfer | det |
| 12 | transfer | transfer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 presents | obj |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 accomplished | mark |
| 14 | accomplished | accomplish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 presents | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | relocate | present | He | by wish; alone property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | present | present | the text | the transfer | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent transfer=Theme | ||||
| 3 | accomplish | participle | the text not said here | vn complete-55.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
He is carried across by the beggars, who are described as strong bearers
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 carried | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 carried | aux:pass |
| 3 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | across | across | ADV | _ | 3 carried | advmod |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 beggars | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 beggars | det |
| 7 | beggars | beggar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 carried | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 described | punct |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 described | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 described | aux:pass |
| 11 | described | describe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 beggars | acl:relcl |
| 12 | as | as | ADP | _ | 14 bearers | case |
| 13 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 bearers | amod |
| 14 | bearers | bearer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 described | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carry | present · passive | the beggars | He | across property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 2 | describe | present · passive | the beggars | as strong bearers | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme as bearer=Attribute |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/284-pg1597-part11/e1/