Exam question 4 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 1: The Open Road…
It is given that the boats were found unused. State the inference drawn therefrom by the Rat.
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, find, state, draw · To what, where: It, boats, inference
This is exam question 4 of lesson 29 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 1: The Open Road (the Ducks' Ditty, and a visit to Toad Hall)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that the boats were found unused.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 found | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 boats | det |
| 6 | boats | boat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 found | nsubj |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 found | aux:pass |
| 8 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | advcl |
| 9 | unused | unused | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 found | xcomp |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | find | past · passive | the boats | unused property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: State the inference drawn therefrom by the Rat.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | State | state | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 inference | det |
| 3 | inference | inference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 State | obj |
| 4 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 inference | acl |
| 5 | therefrom | therefrom | ADV | _ | 4 drawn | advmod |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 Rat | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Rat | det |
| 8 | Rat | Rat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 drawn | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 State | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | state speech: other | imperative | you not said here | the inference | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent inference=Topic | ||||
| 2 | draw | participle | the inference not said here | by the Rat; therefrom property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1
That Toad had gone away and would not return home for many weeks
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 Toad | det |
| 2 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 gone | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gone | aux |
| 4 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | away | away | ADV | _ | 4 gone | advmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 return | cc |
| 7 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 return | aux |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 return | advmod |
| 9 | return | return | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 gone | conj |
| 10 | home | home | ADV | _ | 9 return | advmod |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 weeks | case |
| 12 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 weeks | amod |
| 13 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 return | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go away | past · perfect | that Toad | away property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not return | would | that Toad not said here | week | home property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
That boating was «played out» and Toad had taken up a new fad, which is why the boats lie idle in the boat-house
The tree, 24 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 boating | det |
| 2 | boating | boating | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 played | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 played | aux:pass |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 played | punct |
| 5 | played | play | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 played | compound:prt |
| 7 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 played | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 taken | cc |
| 9 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 taken | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 taken | aux |
| 11 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 played | conj |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 taken | compound:prt |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 fad | det |
| 14 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 fad | amod |
| 15 | fad | fad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 taken | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 why | punct |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 why | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 why | cop |
| 19 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 fad | acl:relcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 boats | det |
| 21 | boats | boat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 lie | nsubj |
| 22 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 why | advcl:relcl |
| 23 | idle | idle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 lie | xcomp |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 house | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 house | det |
| 26 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 house | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 boat | punct |
| 28 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lie | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | play out in a quote | past · passive | that boating | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | take up | past · perfect | Toad | a new fad | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fad=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | present | a new fad | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | lie | present | the boats | the boat house | idle property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in house=Location |
Option 3
That Toad was tired and had gone to bed
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 Toad | det |
| 2 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 tired | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 tired | cop |
| 4 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 gone | cc |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 gone | aux |
| 7 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 tired | conj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 bed | case |
| 9 | bed | bed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gone | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | that Toad | tired property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go | past · perfect | that Toad not said here | bed | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to bed=Initial_Location |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
That boating was «played out» and Toad had taken up a new fad
The tree, 13 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 boating | det |
| 2 | boating | boating | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 played | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 played | aux:pass |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 played | punct |
| 5 | played | play | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 played | compound:prt |
| 7 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 played | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 taken | cc |
| 9 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 taken | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 taken | aux |
| 11 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 played | conj |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 taken | compound:prt |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 fad | det |
| 14 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 fad | amod |
| 15 | fad | fad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 taken | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | play out in a quote | past · passive | that boating | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | take up | past · perfect | Toad | a new fad | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fad=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/29-willows-ch2-part1-ducks-ditty-and-toad-hall/e4/