Exam question 4 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road…

Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the conclusion of the second chapter?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: established facts · What happens: follow, be, establish, concern, conclude · To what, where: conclusion, second chapter

This is exam question 4 of lesson 32 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter II, part 4: The Open Road (the wreck of the cart, and Toad's new craze)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 consistent	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 consistent	cop
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 facts	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 facts	det
10	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 facts	amod
11	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
12	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 facts	acl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 conclusion	det
14	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 concerning	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	18 chapter	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 chapter	det
17	second	second	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	18 chapter	amod
18	chapter	chapter	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 conclusion	nmod
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 consistent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present			of the following statements; with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the conclusion of the second chapter		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus conclusion=Experiencer
5	conclude			the second chapter		nom conclusion «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Toad walked home to the Hall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 walked	nsubj
2	walked	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	home	home	ADV	_	2 walked	advmod
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 Hall	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Hall	det
6	Hall	Hall	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 walked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	past	Toad					to the Hall result; home property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to hall=Result

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Toad travelled to Town and ordered a large and very expensive motor-car

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 travelled	nsubj
2	travelled	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 Town	case
4	Town	Town	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 travelled	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 ordered	cc
6	ordered	order	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 travelled	conj
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 car	det
8	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 car	amod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 expensive	cc
10	very	very	ADV	_	11 expensive	advmod
11	expensive	expensive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 large	conj
12	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 car	compound
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 motor	punct
14	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ordered	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	travel	past	Toad		Town				vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to town=Destination
2	order	past	Toad not said here	a large motor car					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Theme

Option 3

Toad was taken home in a cart and sent for a doctor at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 taken	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 taken	aux:pass
3	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	home	home	ADV	_	3 taken	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 cart	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 cart	det
7	cart	cart	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 taken	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 sent	cc
9	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 taken	conj
10	for	for	ADP	_	12 doctor	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 doctor	det
12	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sent	obl
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 once	case
14	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	9 sent	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past · passive		Toad		a cart		home property	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in cart=Location
2	send	participle						for a doctor	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Toad sold his canary-coloured cart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sold	nsubj
2	sold	sell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 cart	nmod:poss
4	canary	canary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 coloured	amod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 canary	punct
6	coloured	coloured	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cart	amod
7	cart	cart	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sold	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sell	past	Toad	Toad's coloured cart					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cart=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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