Test 11 · ★ · Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the…

porsena's army was giant, like thousands of horsemen, for real

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: army · What happens: be

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 352 «Tales of Rome, Horatius at the Bridge: Horatius holds the bridge alone and saves Rome from Porsena's army» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	porsena	porsena	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 army	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 porsena	case
3	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 giant	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 giant	cop
5	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 thousands	punct
7	like	like	ADP	_	8 thousands	case
8	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 giant	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 horsemen	case
10	horsemen	horseman	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 thousands	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 real	punct
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 real	case
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 giant	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	porsena's army					like thousands of horsemen; giant property	tree rules
2	be		porsena's army not said here						tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

they marched fast

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 marched	nsubj
2	marched	march	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 marched	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	march	past	they					fast property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

they came crossing the eastern rivers near rome

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	crossing	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 came	xcomp
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rivers	det
5	eastern	eastern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rivers	amod
6	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 crossing	obj
7	near	near	ADP	_	8 rome	case
8	rome	rome	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crossing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	they						tree rules
2	cross	gerund	they not said here	the eastern rivers		rome			vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient

Option 3

they came riding through the southern valleys

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	riding	ride	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 came	advcl
4	through	through	ADP	_	7 valleys	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 valleys	det
6	southern	southern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 valleys	amod
7	valleys	valley	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 riding	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	they						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	ride	gerund	they not said here			the southern valleys			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through valley=Trajectory

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

they came marching over the northern hills toward rome

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	marching	march	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 came	xcomp
4	over	over	ADP	_	7 hills	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 hills	det
6	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 hills	amod
7	hills	hill	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 marching	obl
8	toward	toward	ADP	_	9 rome	case
9	rome	rome	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 marching	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	they						tree rules
2	march	gerund	they not said here			the northern hills		toward rome	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over hill=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/352-pg18442-part12/t11/