Exam question 4 · Tales of Honor, Damon and Pythias: a friend offers to take…
Which action enabled Alexander to master the horse Bucephalus?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: action, Alexander · What happens: enable, master · To what, where: Alexander, horse
This is exam question 4 of lesson 353 «Tales of Honor, Damon and Pythias: a friend offers to take his friend's place in prison» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 2 action | det |
| 2 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 enabled | nsubj |
| 3 | enabled | enable | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Alexander | Alexander | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 enabled | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 master | mark |
| 6 | master | master | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 enabled | xcomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 horse | det |
| 8 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 master | obj |
| 9 | Bucephalus | Bucephalus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 horse | appos |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 enabled | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | enable | past | which action | Alexander | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | master | to-infinitive | Alexander not said here | the horse | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
He directed the horse's gaze toward the sun and then rode it around the field
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 directed | nsubj |
| 2 | directed | direct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 horse | det |
| 4 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gaze | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 horse | case |
| 6 | gaze | gaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 directed | obj |
| 7 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 9 sun | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sun | det |
| 9 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 directed | obl |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 rode | cc |
| 11 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 rode | advmod |
| 12 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 directed | conj |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 rode | obj |
| 14 | around | around | ADP | _ | 16 field | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 field | det |
| 16 | field | field | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 rode | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | direct | past | He | the horse's gaze | toward the sun | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent gaze=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | ride | past | He not said here | gaze | the field | then | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme around field=Trajectory | ||
| 3 | gaze | the horse | nom gaze «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
He directed the horse's gaze toward the sun
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 directed | nsubj |
| 2 | directed | direct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 horse | det |
| 4 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gaze | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 horse | case |
| 6 | gaze | gaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 directed | obj |
| 7 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 9 sun | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sun | det |
| 9 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 directed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | direct | past | He | the horse's gaze | toward the sun | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent gaze=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | gaze | the horse | nom gaze «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
He directed the horse's gaze toward the sun while whispering gentle words to it
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 directed | nsubj |
| 2 | directed | direct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 horse | det |
| 4 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gaze | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 horse | case |
| 6 | gaze | gaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 directed | obj |
| 7 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 9 sun | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sun | det |
| 9 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 directed | obl |
| 10 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 11 whispering | mark |
| 11 | whispering | whisper | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 directed | advcl |
| 12 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 words | amod |
| 13 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 whispering | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 it | case |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 whispering | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | direct | past | He | the horse's gaze | toward the sun | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent gaze=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | whisper speech: assert | gerund | He not said here | gentle words | sun | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent word=Topic to it=Recipient | |||
| 3 | gaze | the horse | nom gaze «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
Option 4
He covered the horse's eyes with cloth
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 covered | nsubj |
| 2 | covered | cover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 horse | det |
| 4 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 horse | case |
| 6 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 covered | obj |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 cloth | case |
| 8 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 covered | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cover | past | He | the horse's eyes | with cloth | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Destination with cloth=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/353-pg18442-part13/e4/