Exam question 3 · The Æsop for Children, The Wolf and the Kid: a kid who dan…

Which of the following most accurately identifies the lesson conveyed by the closing sentence of the fable?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, identify, convey, sentence · To what, where: lesson, fable

This is exam question 3 of lesson 362 «The Æsop for Children, The Wolf and the Kid: a kid who dances for a wolf is saved by the Shepherd Dogs» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 identifies	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	7 identifies	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 identifies	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 identifies	csubj
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 identifies	advmod
7	identifies	identify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 lesson	det
9	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 identifies	obj
10	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 lesson	acl
11	by	by	ADP	_	14 sentence	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sentence	det
13	closing	closing	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 sentence	compound
14	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 conveyed	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 fable	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 fable	det
17	fable	fable	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 sentence	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 identifies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	identify	present	the lesson	accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent lesson=Theme
3	convey	participle	the lesson not said here	by the closing sentence of the fable	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	sentence		the fable		nom sentence «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Youthful pride blinds a creature to the wisdom of elders and leads to a fatal downfall in the wild

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Youthful	youthful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 pride	amod
2	pride	pride	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blinds	nsubj
3	blinds	blind	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 creature	det
5	creature	creature	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blinds	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 wisdom	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 wisdom	det
8	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blinds	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 elders	case
10	elders	elder	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 wisdom	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 leads	cc
12	leads	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 blinds	conj
13	to	to	ADP	_	16 downfall	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 downfall	det
15	fatal	fatal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 downfall	amod
16	downfall	downfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 leads	obl
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 wild	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 wild	det
19	wild	wild	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 downfall	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blind	present	Youthful pride	a creature				to the wisdom of elders	tree rules
2	lead	present	Youthful pride not said here					to a fatal downfall in the wild	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to downfall=Patient

Option 2

Never let a flattering fool lead you astray from home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 let	advmod
2	let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 lead	advcl
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 fool	det
4	flattering	flatter	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 fool	amod
5	fool	fool	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 let	obj
6	lead	lead	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 lead	obj
8	astray	astray	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lead	xcomp
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 home	case
10	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lead	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not let	infinitive	a flattering fool			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fool=Theme
2	flatter	gerund				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	lead	present	you	home	astray property	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent you=Theme from home=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Steadfast purpose should not be abandoned under the influence of distraction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Steadfast	steadfast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 purpose	amod
2	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 abandoned	nsubj:pass
3	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 abandoned	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 abandoned	advmod
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 abandoned	aux:pass
6	abandoned	abandon	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 influence	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 influence	det
9	influence	influence	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 abandoned	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 distraction	case
11	distraction	distraction	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 influence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not abandon	should · passive		Steadfast purpose		the influence of distraction			vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: subject=Source

Option 4

Those who abandon their proper trade for amusement will inevitably suffer the consequences of their folly

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	11 suffer	nsubj
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 abandon	nsubj
3	abandon	abandon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Those	acl:relcl
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 trade	nmod:poss
5	proper	proper	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 trade	amod
6	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 abandon	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 amusement	case
8	amusement	amusement	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 abandon	obl
9	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 suffer	aux
10	inevitably	inevitably	ADV	_	11 suffer	advmod
11	suffer	suffer	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 consequences	det
13	consequences	consequence	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 suffer	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 folly	case
15	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 folly	nmod:poss
16	folly	folly	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 consequences	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	abandon	present		their proper trade	for amusement	vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme trade=Source
2	suffer	future	Those	the consequences of consequences's folly	inevitably property	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer consequence=Stimulus
3	trade		their = they			nom trade «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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