Test 16 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 1: Mr. Badger (t…

What would happen if the Rat had not said his name at the door?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Rat · What happens: happen, not say, name · To what, where: name, door · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 16 · ★★★ of lesson 37 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 1: Mr. Badger (the door in the snow and the fire-lit kitchen)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	9 said	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Rat	det
6	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 said	nsubj
7	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 said	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 said	advmod
9	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	3 happen	advcl
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 name	nmod:poss
11	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 said	obj
12	at	at	ADP	_	14 door	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 door	det
14	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 said	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	happen	would				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not say speech: assert a condition, not said to happen	past · perfect	the Rat	Rat's name	the door	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent name=Topic
3	name		Rat			nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The Badger would probably have shut the door on them at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Badger	det
2	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 shut	nsubj
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 shut	aux
4	probably	probably	ADV	_	6 shut	advmod
5	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 shut	aux
6	shut	shut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 door	det
8	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 shut	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	10 them	case
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 shut	obl
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 once	case
12	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	6 shut	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shut	would · perfect	the Badger	the door				on them = they; probably property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent door=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

We can't be sure — but the gruff Badger might have stayed suspicious

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 sure	nsubj
2	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 sure	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 sure	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 sure	cop
5	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	—	-	PUNCT	_	5 sure	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 stayed	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Badger	det
9	gruff	gruff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 Badger	amod
10	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 stayed	nsubj
11	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 stayed	aux
12	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 stayed	aux
13	stayed	stay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 sure	conj
14	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 stayed	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	can	We					sure property	tree rules
2	stay	might · perfect	the gruff Badger					suspicious property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

We can't be sure, but the gruff Badger might have stayed suspicious, and the two friends could have frozen on his step all night long in the snow

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 sure	nsubj
2	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 sure	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 sure	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 sure	cop
5	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 stayed	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 stayed	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Badger	det
9	gruff	gruff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 Badger	amod
10	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 stayed	nsubj
11	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 stayed	aux
12	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 stayed	aux
13	stayed	stay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 sure	conj
14	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 stayed	xcomp
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 frozen	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 frozen	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 friends	det
18	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 friends	nummod
19	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 frozen	nsubj:pass
20	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 frozen	aux
21	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	22 frozen	aux
22	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 sure	conj
23	on	on	ADP	_	25 step	case
24	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	25 step	nmod:poss
25	step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 frozen	obl
26	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	27 night	det
27	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 long	obl:unmarked
28	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	22 frozen	advmod
29	in	in	ADP	_	31 snow	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 snow	det
31	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 frozen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	not is	can	We			sure property	tree rules
2	stay	might · perfect	the gruff Badger			suspicious property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	freeze	could · perfect · passive		the two friends	the snow	on Badger's step; long property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result
4	step		Badger				nom step «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

Badger would have stayed suspicious and shut the door, leaving them to wander back through the Wild Wood in the dark snowy night without any help at all, as the Rat feared

The tree, 32 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 stayed	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 stayed	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 stayed	aux
4	stayed	stay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 door	amod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 shut	cc
7	shut	shut	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 suspicious	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 door	det
9	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stayed	obl:unmarked
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 leaving	punct
11	leaving	leave	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 stayed	advcl
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 leaving	obj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 wander	mark
14	wander	wander	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 leaving	xcomp
15	back	back	ADV	_	14 wander	advmod
16	through	through	ADP	_	19 Wood	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 Wood	det
18	Wild	Wild	PROPN	_	19 Wood	flat
19	Wood	Wood	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 wander	obl
20	in	in	ADP	_	24 night	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 night	det
22	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 night	amod
23	snowy	snowy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 night	amod
24	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 wander	obl
25	without	without	ADP	_	27 help	case
26	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	27 help	det
27	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 wander	obl
28	at	at	ADP	_	29 all	case
29	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	27 help	nmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 feared	punct
31	as	as	SCONJ	_	34 feared	mark
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 Rat	det
33	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	34 feared	nsubj
34	feared	fear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 stayed	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	would · perfect	Badger	the suspicious door				vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	leave	gerund	Badger not said here	them = they				tree rules
3	wander back	to-infinitive	them = they not said here		the Wild Wood	night	without any help at all	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through wood=Trajectory
4	fear	past	the Rat					vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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