Exam question 2 · Aesop's Fables, The Stag, the Sheep, and the Wolf, part 14…

Which of the following describes the outcome of the Fox's trick upon the Monkey?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Fox · What happens: follow, describe, trick · To what, where: outcome

This is exam question 2 of lesson 375 «Aesop's Fables, The Stag, the Sheep, and the Wolf, part 14: a Stag borrows wheat on the Wolf's word» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 describes	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 describes	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 describes	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 describes	nsubj
5	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 outcome	det
7	outcome	outcome	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 describes	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	12 trick	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Fox	det
10	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 trick	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 Fox	case
12	trick	trick	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 outcome	nmod
13	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 Monkey	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Monkey	det
15	Monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 trick	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the outcome of the Fox's trick upon the Monkey		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent outcome=Theme
3	trick		the Fox		upon the Monkey	nom trick «act transitive»: poss=agent upon=obl

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The Fox was caught fast in the trap after grasping for the meat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Fox	det
2	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 caught	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 caught	aux:pass
4	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 caught	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 trap	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 trap	det
8	trap	trap	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 caught	obl
9	after	after	SCONJ	_	10 grasping	mark
10	grasping	grasp	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 trap	acl
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 meat	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 meat	det
13	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 grasping	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 caught	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	past · passive		the Fox		the trap		fast property	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	grasp	gerund	the trap not said here					for the meat	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The Monkey was chased away by the Fox after reaching for the treasure.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Monkey	det
2	Monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 chased	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 chased	aux:pass
4	chased	chase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	away	away	ADV	_	4 chased	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 Fox	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Fox	det
8	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 chased	obl
9	after	after	SCONJ	_	10 reaching	mark
10	reaching	reach	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 chased	advcl
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 treasure	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 treasure	det
13	treasure	treasure	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 reaching	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 chased	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chase away	past · passive	the Fox	the Monkey				away property	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	reach	gerund	the Fox not said here					for the treasure	vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The Monkey grabbed the meat, the trap snapped shut, and then the whole flock of birds came down to share the feast with the Fox.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Monkey	det
2	Monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grabbed	nsubj
3	grabbed	grab	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 meat	det
5	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grabbed	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 snapped	punct
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 trap	det
8	trap	trap	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 snapped	nsubj
9	snapped	snap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 grabbed	parataxis
10	shut	shut	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 snapped	xcomp
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 came	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 came	cc
13	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 came	advmod
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 flock	det
15	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 flock	amod
16	flock	flock	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 came	nsubj
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 birds	case
18	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 flock	nmod
19	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 grabbed	conj
20	down	down	ADV	_	19 came	advmod
21	to	to	PART	_	22 share	mark
22	share	share	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 came	advcl
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 feast	det
24	feast	feast	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 share	obj
25	with	with	ADP	_	27 Fox	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 Fox	det
27	Fox	fox	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 share	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 grabbed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	grab	past	the Monkey	the meat			vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Theme
2	snap	past	the trap			shut property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	come down	past	the whole flock of birds		then	down property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	share	to-infinitive	the whole flock of birds not said here	the feast		with the Fox	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The Monkey was caught fast in the trap after grasping for the meat.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Monkey	det
2	Monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 caught	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 caught	aux:pass
4	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 caught	advmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 trap	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 trap	det
8	trap	trap	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 caught	obl
9	after	after	SCONJ	_	10 grasping	mark
10	grasping	grasp	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 trap	acl
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 meat	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 meat	det
13	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 grasping	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 caught	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	past · passive		the Monkey		the trap		fast property	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	grasp	gerund	the trap not said here					for the meat	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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