Test 16 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (b…
★★★ «Smashes, or machines? … it's the same thing—with Toad.» Why are they the same for Toad?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: it, machines · What happens: be · To what, where: same thing
This is test 16 · ★★★ of lesson 38 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: ★★★ «Smashes, or machines? … it's the same thing—with Toad.»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Smashes | nsubj |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 ★ | dep |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 ★ | dep |
| 4 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 Smashes | punct |
| 5 | Smashes | smash | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 machines | punct |
| 7 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 8 machines | cc |
| 8 | machines | machine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 Smashes | conj |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 Smashes | punct |
| 10 | … | … | PUNCT | _ | 15 thing | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 thing | nsubj |
| 12 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 thing | cop |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 thing | det |
| 14 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 thing | amod |
| 15 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 Smashes | appos |
| 16 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 Toad | punct |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 Toad | case |
| 18 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 thing | appos |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 Toad | punct |
| 20 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 15 thing | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | it | the same thing | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why are they the same for Toad?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 same | advmod |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 same | cop |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 same | nsubj |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 same | det |
| 5 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 Toad | case |
| 7 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 same | obl |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 same | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | machines = machine | for Toad; same property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Each car has a smashed wheel, so it counts
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 car | det |
| 2 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 wheel | det |
| 5 | smashed | smash | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 wheel | amod |
| 6 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 counts | punct |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 counts | advmod |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 counts | nsubj |
| 10 | counts | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | parataxis |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | each car | a smashed wheel | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Patient | ||||
| 2 | smash | participle | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | count | present | car | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |
Option 2
They are both machines
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 machines | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 machines | cop |
| 3 | both | both | ADV | _ | 4 machines | advmod |
| 4 | machines | machine | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | They | machines | both property | tree rules |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
Both are things Toad keeps in the coach-house
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 things | det |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 things | cop |
| 3 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 keeps | nsubj |
| 4 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 keeps | nsubj |
| 5 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 house | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 house | det |
| 8 | coach | coach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 house | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 coach | punct |
| 10 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 keeps | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | both things | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | keep | present | both things | the coach house | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in house=Location |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Every car he buys, he smashes, so the counts match
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 car | det |
| 2 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 buys | nsubj |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 buys | nsubj |
| 4 | buys | buy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 smashes | punct |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 smashes | nsubj |
| 7 | smashes | smash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 buys | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 match | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 match | advmod |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 counts | det |
| 11 | counts | count | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 match | nsubj |
| 12 | match | match | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 buys | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | buy | present | every car | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | smash | present | he | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | match | present | the counts | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/t16/