Exam question 2 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (t…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Badger's view of the relation between people and badgers?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Badger · What happens: follow, characteris, view · To what, where: view, relation

This is exam question 2 of lesson 40 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 4: Mr. Badger (the city under the Wild Wood, and the way home)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Badger	det
10	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 view	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 Badger	case
12	view	view	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 relation	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 relation	det
15	relation	relation	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 view	nmod
16	between	between	ADP	_	17 people	case
17	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 relation	nmod
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 badgers	cc
19	badgers	badger	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 people	conj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the Badger's view of the relation between people and badgers	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	view		the Badger	the relation between people and badgers		nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

People will always rule the wood, while badgers hide underground and wait for the day they leave

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rule	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 rule	aux
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 rule	advmod
4	rule	rule	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 wood	det
6	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rule	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hide	punct
8	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 hide	mark
9	badgers	badger	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 hide	nsubj
10	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 rule	parataxis
11	underground	underground	ADV	_	10 hide	advmod
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 wait	cc
13	wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 hide	conj
14	for	for	ADP	_	16 day	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 day	det
16	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 wait	obl
17	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 leave	nsubj
18	leave	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 day	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	rule	future	People	the wood		always property	vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wood=Theme
2	hide	present	badgers			underground property	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	wait	infinitive	badgers not said here		day		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	leave	present	badgers = badger	the day not said here			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent day=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

People come and go, whereas badgers endure and return

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 come	nsubj
2	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 go	cc
4	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 come	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 endure	punct
6	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	8 endure	mark
7	badgers	badger	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 endure	nsubj
8	endure	endure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 come	parataxis
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 return	cc
10	return	return	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 come	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	come	present	People	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	go	present	People not said here	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	endure	present	badgers	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	return	present	People not said here	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Badgers and people are equal, but badgers have been around longer, and will outlast all human building

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Badgers	badger	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 equal	nsubj
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 people	cc
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Badgers	conj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 equal	cop
5	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 around	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 around	cc
8	badgers	badger	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 around	nsubj
9	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 around	aux
10	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	11 around	cop
11	around	around	ADV	_	5 equal	parataxis
12	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	11 around	advmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 outlast	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 outlast	cc
15	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 outlast	aux
16	outlast	outlast	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	5 equal	parataxis
17	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	19 building	det
18	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 building	amod
19	building	building	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 outlast	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Badgers and people		equal property	tree rules
2	is	present · perfect	badgers		around, long property	tree rules
3	outlast	future		all human building		tree rules

Option 4

People are powerful but badgers are more clever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 powerful	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 powerful	cop
3	powerful	powerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 clever	cc
5	badgers	badger	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 clever	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 clever	cop
7	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	8 clever	advmod
8	clever	clever	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 powerful	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	People					powerful property	tree rules
2	is	present	badgers					clever property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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