Test 6 · ★ · Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko: swans and geese carry Ivashko…

why was she sad, like what did she even say?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: she · What happens: be, say · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 445 «Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko: swans and geese carry Ivashko home to his parents» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 sad	advmod
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 sad	cop
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 sad	nsubj
4	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 say	punct
6	like	like	SCONJ	_	11 say	mark
7	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	11 say	obj
8	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 say	aux
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 say	nsubj
10	even	even	ADV	_	11 say	advmod
11	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 sad	conj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 sad	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	she					sad property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past · do-support	she						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

She wished so hard that she could see him again, even in a dream at night

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wished	nsubj
2	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	so	so	ADV	_	4 hard	advmod
4	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 wished	advmod
5	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 see	mark
6	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 see	nsubj
7	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 see	aux
8	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wished	advcl
9	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 see	obj
10	again	again	ADV	_	8 see	advmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 dream	punct
12	even	even	ADV	_	15 dream	advmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 dream	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 dream	det
15	dream	dream	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wished	parataxis
16	at	at	ADP	_	17 night	case
17	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 dream	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wish	past	She					hard property	vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
2	see	could	she	him = he			again		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

Option 2

She missed him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 missed	nsubj
2	missed	miss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 missed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	miss	past	She	him = he					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

Option 3

She prayed she might find him in the woods

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 prayed	nsubj
2	prayed	pray	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 find	nsubj
4	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 find	aux
5	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 prayed	ccomp
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 find	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 woods	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 woods	det
9	woods	wood	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 find	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pray	past	She						vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	find	might	she	him = he		the woods			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

She wished she could see him, even in a dream

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wished	nsubj
2	wished	wish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 see	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 see	aux
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wished	ccomp
6	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 see	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 dream	punct
8	even	even	ADV	_	11 dream	advmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 dream	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 dream	det
11	dream	dream	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 wished	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wish	past	She			a dream			vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	see	could	she	him = he					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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