Exam question 2 · Russian Folk-Tales, Woe and the Peasant, part 43: the peas…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the figure of Woe in this narrative?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, figure · To what, where: figure, narrative, Woe

This is exam question 2 of lesson 451 «Russian Folk-Tales, Woe and the Peasant, part 43: the peasant buries Woe under a stone» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 figure	det
10	figure	figure	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Woe	case
12	Woe	Woe	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 figure	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 narrative	case
14	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	15 narrative	det
15	narrative	narrative	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the figure of Woe	this narrative	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	figure		Woe			nom figure «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Woe is a hidden thief who robs the peasant of his sheep and cart.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 thief	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 thief	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 thief	det
4	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 thief	amod
5	thief	thief	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 robs	nsubj
7	robs	rob	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 thief	acl:relcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 peasant	det
9	peasant	peasant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 robs	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 sheep	case
11	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 sheep	nmod:poss
12	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 peasant	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 cart	cc
14	cart	cart	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sheep	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 thief	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Woe	a hidden thief					tree rules
2	rob	present	a hidden thief	the peasant of peasant's sheep and cart					vn cheat-10.6.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peasant=Source

Option 2

Woe is a supernatural tempter that repeatedly lures the peasant into drink, debt, and loss until he has nothing left at all.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tempter	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tempter	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 tempter	det
4	supernatural	supernatural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 tempter	amod
5	tempter	tempter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 lures	nsubj
7	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	_	8 lures	advmod
8	lures	lure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 tempter	acl:relcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 peasant	det
10	peasant	peasant	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lures	obj
11	into	into	ADP	_	12 drink	case
12	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lures	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 debt	punct
14	debt	debt	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 drink	conj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 loss	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 loss	cc
17	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tempter	conj
18	until	until	SCONJ	_	20 has	mark
19	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 has	nsubj
20	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 loss	advcl
21	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	20 has	obj
22	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 nothing	acl
23	at	at	ADP	_	24 all	case
24	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	22 left	obl
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 tempter	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Woe	a supernatural tempter and loss			tree rules
2	lure	present	a supernatural tempter and loss	the peasant		into drink and debt result; repeatedly property	vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent peasant=Patient into drink=Result
3	have	present	peasant	nothing			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient
4	leave	participle			all		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at all=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Woe is a personified misfortune that attaches itself to the peasant.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 misfortune	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 misfortune	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 misfortune	det
4	personified	personify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 misfortune	amod
5	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 attaches	nsubj
7	attaches	attach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 misfortune	acl:relcl
8	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	7 attaches	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 peasant	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 peasant	det
11	peasant	peasant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 attaches	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 misfortune	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	personify	participle				tree rules
2	is a	present	Woe	a personified misfortune		tree rules
3	attach	present	a personified misfortune	Woe	to the peasant	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient to peasant=Co-Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Woe is a ghostly spirit of the plain who speaks through the peasant's own wife and forces him to sell his home and farm animals.

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Woe	woe	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spirit	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 spirit	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 spirit	det
4	ghostly	ghostly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 spirit	amod
5	spirit	spirit	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 plain	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 plain	det
8	plain	plain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spirit	nmod
9	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 speaks	nsubj
10	speaks	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 plain	acl:relcl
11	through	through	ADP	_	16 wife	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 peasant	det
13	peasant	peasant	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 wife	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 peasant	case
15	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 wife	amod
16	wife	wife	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 speaks	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 forces	cc
18	forces	force	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 wife	conj
19	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 wife	nmod
20	to	to	PART	_	21 sell	mark
21	sell	sell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 speaks	advcl
22	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 home	nmod:poss
23	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 sell	obj
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 animals	cc
25	farm	farm	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 animals	compound
26	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 home	conj
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 spirit	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Woe	a ghostly spirit	of the plain	tree rules
2	speak speech: other	present	the plain		through the peasant's own wife peasant and forces	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	sell	to-infinitive	the plain not said here	peasant's home and farm animals		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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