Exam question 1 · Russian Folk-Tales, The Fiddler in Hell, part 1: a fiddler…

Which of the following describes the place to which the fiddler descended after his fall through the earth?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: fiddler · What happens: follow, describe, descend · To what, where: place, earth

This is exam question 1 of lesson 475 «Russian Folk-Tales, The Fiddler in Hell, part 1: a fiddler sinks into hell and finds a tormented rich moujik» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 describes	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 describes	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 describes	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 describes	nsubj
5	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 place	det
7	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 describes	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 descended	obl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 fiddler	det
11	fiddler	fiddler	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 descended	nsubj
12	descended	descend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 place	acl:relcl
13	after	after	ADP	_	15 fall	case
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 fall	nmod:poss
15	fall	fall	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 descended	obl
16	through	through	ADP	_	18 earth	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 earth	det
18	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 descended	obl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the place				vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent place=Theme
3	descend	past	the fiddler		the earth	after fiddler's fall	to the place	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to which=Initial_Location through earth=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Hell, where the rich moujik was being tormented

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hell	hell	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 tormented	punct
3	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 tormented	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 moujik	det
5	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 moujik	amod
6	moujik	moujik	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tormented	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 tormented	aux:pass
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 tormented	aux:pass
9	tormented	torment	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Hell	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	torment	past · passive		the rich moujik					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer

Option 2

Hell, where the old woman was being tormented

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hell	hell	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 tormented	punct
3	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 tormented	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 woman	det
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 woman	amod
6	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tormented	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 tormented	aux:pass
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 tormented	aux:pass
9	tormented	torment	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Hell	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	torment	past · passive		the old woman					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer

Option 3

A deep underground hell, full of fire, where the rich moujik was being tormented by many fiends and horses

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 hell	det
2	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hell	amod
3	underground	underground	ADV	_	4 hell	advmod
4	hell	hell	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 full	punct
6	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hell	amod
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 fire	case
8	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 full	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 tormented	punct
10	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	16 tormented	advmod
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 moujik	det
12	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 moujik	amod
13	moujik	moujik	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 tormented	nsubj:pass
14	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 tormented	aux:pass
15	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 tormented	aux:pass
16	tormented	torment	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 hell	conj
17	by	by	ADP	_	19 fiends	case
18	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 fiends	amod
19	fiends	fiend	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 tormented	obl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 horses	cc
21	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 fiends	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	torment	past · passive	many fiends and horses	the rich moujik					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

Option 4

Hell, where the rich moujik was being tormented by fiends and horses without end

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hell	hell	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 tormented	punct
3	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 tormented	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 moujik	det
5	rich	rich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 moujik	amod
6	moujik	moujik	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tormented	nsubj:pass
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 tormented	aux:pass
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 tormented	aux:pass
9	tormented	torment	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Hell	appos
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 fiends	case
11	fiends	fiend	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 tormented	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 horses	cc
13	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fiends	conj
14	without	without	ADP	_	15 end	case
15	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tormented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	torment	past · passive	fiends and horses	the rich moujik			without end		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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