Test 15 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 1: The Piper at…
★★★ The ford was used «in by-gone days before they built the bridge». What can we work out?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: they, we · What happens: use, build, work out · To what, where: ★, bridge
This is test 15 · ★ of lesson 49 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 1: The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (Portly is missing)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: ★★★ The ford was used «in by-gone days before they built the bridge».
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 used | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 ★ | dep |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | ADP | _ | 5 ford | case |
| 4 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 ford | det |
| 5 | ford | ford | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 ★ | nmod |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 used | aux:pass |
| 7 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 13 days | punct |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 13 days | case |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 in | fixed |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 by | punct |
| 12 | gone | gone | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 days | amod |
| 13 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 used | obl |
| 14 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 16 built | mark |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 built | nsubj |
| 16 | built | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 used | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 bridge | det |
| 18 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 built | obj |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 16 built | punct |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 used | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | past · passive | ★ ★ the ford | day | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | build in a quote | past | they | the bridge | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bridge=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What can we work out?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 work | obj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 work | aux |
| 3 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 work | nsubj |
| 4 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | out | out | ADP | _ | 4 work | compound:prt |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 work | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | work out | can | we | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
The options
Option 1
Nobody crosses at the ford any more now
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nobody | nobody | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 2 crosses | nsubj |
| 2 | crosses | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 ford | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 ford | det |
| 5 | ford | ford | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 crosses | obl |
| 6 | any | any | ADV | _ | 7 more | advmod |
| 7 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 2 crosses | advmod |
| 8 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 crosses | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cross | present | Nobody | the ford | now | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
The bridge is newer, so people cross by it now
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bridge | det |
| 2 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 newer | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 newer | cop |
| 4 | newer | new | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 cross | punct |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 cross | advmod |
| 7 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 cross | nsubj |
| 8 | cross | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 newer | advcl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 it | case |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 cross | obl |
| 11 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 cross | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the bridge | new property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | cross | present | people | now | by bridge | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
The ford is closed, so no one crosses
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 ford | det |
| 2 | ford | ford | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 closed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 closed | aux:pass |
| 4 | closed | close | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 crosses | punct |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 crosses | advmod |
| 7 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 8 one | det |
| 8 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 crosses | nsubj |
| 9 | crosses | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 closed | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | close | present · passive | the ford | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | cross | present | no one | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
The bridge is newer than the ford, built by villagers who wanted a dry way over the river
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bridge | det |
| 2 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 newer | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 newer | cop |
| 4 | newer | new | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 5 | than | than | ADP | _ | 7 ford | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 ford | det |
| 7 | ford | ford | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 newer | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 built | punct |
| 9 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 newer | advcl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 villagers | case |
| 11 | villagers | villager | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 built | obl |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 wanted | nsubj |
| 13 | wanted | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 villagers | acl:relcl |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 way | det |
| 15 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 way | amod |
| 16 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wanted | obj |
| 17 | over | over | ADP | _ | 19 river | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 river | det |
| 19 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wanted | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the bridge | than the ford; new property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | build | participle | the bridge not said here | by villagers | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | want | past | villagers | a dry way | the river | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot way=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing/t15/