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Test 16 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 2: The Piper at…

★★★ «He might not refuse, were Death himself waiting to strike him». What does this mean?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: He, ★ Death, this · What happens: not refuse, be, wait, strike, mean · To what, where: ★ Death, Death

This is test 16 · ★ of lesson 50 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 2: The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (the music and the island)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ «He might not refuse, were Death himself waiting to strike him».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Death	compound
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 refuse	punct
5	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 refuse	nsubj
6	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 refuse	aux
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 refuse	advmod
8	refuse	refuse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 ★	parataxis
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 ★	punct
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 Death	cop
11	Death	Death	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 waiting	nsubj
12	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	11 Death	nmod
13	waiting	wait	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
14	to	to	PART	_	15 strike	mark
15	strike	strike	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 waiting	xcomp
16	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 strike	obj
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 strike	punct
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 waiting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not refuse in a quote	might	He						vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	past		★ Death				Death nmod	tree rules
3	wait in a quote	gerund	★ Death						tree rules
4	strike in a quote	to-infinitive	★ Death not said here	Death					vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this mean?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 mean	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mean	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 mean	nsubj
4	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present · do-support	this						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He would look even if he had to run back home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 look	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 look	aux
3	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	even	even	ADV	_	7 had	advmod
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 had	mark
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 had	nsubj
7	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 look	advcl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 run	mark
9	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 had	xcomp
10	back	back	ADV	_	9 run	advmod
11	home	home	ADV	_	9 run	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	would	He						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	have a condition, not said to happen	past	he						tree rules
3	run back	to-infinitive	he not said here					home property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

He was too afraid to look

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 afraid	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 afraid	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 afraid	advmod
4	afraid	afraid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 look	mark
6	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 afraid	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	He					afraid property	tree rules
2	look	to-infinitive	He not said here						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Even if looking meant death, he could not refuse to look

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Even	even	ADV	_	3 looking	advmod
2	if	if	SCONJ	_	3 looking	mark
3	looking	look	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	meant	mean	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 death	amod
5	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 looking	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 looking	punct
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 refuse	nsubj
8	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 refuse	aux
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 refuse	advmod
10	refuse	refuse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 looking	parataxis
11	to	to	PART	_	12 look	mark
12	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 refuse	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	gerund		meant death					vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme death=Attribute
2	mean	participle							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	not refuse	could	he						vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
4	look not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

He never looked

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 looked	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 looked	advmod
3	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not look	past	He						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/50-willows-ch7-part2-the-piper/t16/