Exam question 4 · Greek Myths, Aphrodite, part 12: Aphrodite is born from th…

In what chronological respect did the Roman worship of Venus differ from that of Ceres?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: chronological respect, Roman worship · What happens: do, differ · To what, where: Roman worship

This is exam question 4 of lesson 506 «Greek Myths, Aphrodite, part 12: Aphrodite is born from the sea, and Adonis's sad fate» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
3	chronological	chronological	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 respect	amod
4	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 did	nsubj
5	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 worship	det
7	Roman	roman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 worship	amod
8	worship	worship	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 did	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 Venus	case
10	Venus	Venus	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 differ	obl
11	differ	differ	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 worship	acl:relcl
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 that	case
13	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 differ	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 Ceres	case
15	Ceres	Ceres	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 that	nmod
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 what	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past	chronological respect	the Roman worship					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worship=Eventuality
2	differ	present	the Roman worship not said here					of Venus; from the Roman worship	vn differ-23.4 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme from that=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It was established earlier, before Ceres, in the times of the kings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 established	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 established	aux:pass
3	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	earlier	early	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 established	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 Ceres	punct
6	before	before	ADP	_	7 Ceres	case
7	Ceres	Ceres	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 established	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 times	punct
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 times	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 times	det
11	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 established	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 kings	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 kings	det
14	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 times	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	past · passive		It			before Ceres; time	early property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

It was introduced by the Greeks through Sicily long before the Romans knew Venus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 introduced	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 introduced	aux:pass
3	introduced	introduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 Greeks	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Greeks	det
6	Greeks	Greek	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 introduced	obl
7	through	through	ADP	_	8 Sicily	case
8	Sicily	Sicily	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Greeks	nmod
9	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 introduced	advmod
10	before	before	SCONJ	_	13 knew	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Romans	det
12	Romans	Roman	PROPN	Number=Plur	13 knew	nsubj
13	knew	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 introduced	advcl
14	Venus	Venus	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 knew	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	introduce	past · passive	the Greeks through Sicily	It				long property	vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	know	past	the Romans	Venus					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer venus=Stimulus

Option 3

It spread mainly among the common people

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spread	nsubj
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	mainly	mainly	ADV	_	2 spread	advmod
4	among	among	ADP	_	7 people	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 people	det
6	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 people	amod
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	past	It					among the common people; mainly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among people=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It was established in comparatively later times

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 established	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 established	aux:pass
3	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 times	case
5	comparatively	comparatively	ADV	_	6 later	advmod
6	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 times	advmod
7	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 established	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	past · passive		It			time		vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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