Exam question 1 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 1: Toad's Adve…

Identify the condition in which the prisoner passed the initial weeks of his confinement.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, prisoner · What happens: identify, pass, confine · To what, where: condition

This is exam question 1 of lesson 52 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 1: Toad's Adventures (the gaoler's daughter and the buttered toast)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 condition	det
3	condition	condition	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 passed	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 prisoner	det
7	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 passed	nsubj
8	passed	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 condition	acl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 weeks	det
10	initial	initial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 weeks	amod
11	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 passed	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 confinement	case
13	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 confinement	nmod:poss
14	confinement	confinement	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 weeks	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the condition			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent condition=Theme
2	pass	past	the prisoner		the condition	week	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in which=Location
3	confine		prisoner				nom confinement «state transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Calmly reading books and writing letters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Calmly	calmly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 books	amod
2	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 books	compound
3	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 letters	cc
5	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 letters	compound
6	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 books	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Cheerful and well fed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 fed	cc
3	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	4 fed	advmod
4	fed	feed	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Cheerful	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	feed	participle						well property	vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent

Option 3

In cheerful spirits, eating heartily each day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 spirits	case
2	cheerful	cheerful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 spirits	amod
3	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 eating	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 spirits	punct
5	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	heartily	heartily	ADV	_	5 eating	advmod
7	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	8 day	det
8	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eating	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	gerund				cheerful spirits	day	heartily property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

In lamentation and despair, declining his meals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 lamentation	case
2	lamentation	lamentation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 despair	cc
4	despair	despair	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lamentation	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 declining	punct
6	declining	decline	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 lamentation	conj
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 meals	nmod:poss
8	meals	meal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 declining	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	decline	gerund		his meals					vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meal=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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