Test 8 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 1: Toad's Adve…

Grandpa from Ohio: «Don't have a cow, Toad's a gentleman, so he IS better than a jailer's girl.» (don't have a cow = calm down) What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Toad, you · What happens: not have, be, calm down · To what, where: cow, gentleman

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 52 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VIII, part 1: Toad's Adventures (the gaoler's daughter and the buttered toast)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Grandpa from Ohio: «Don't have a cow, Toad's a gentleman, so he IS better than a jailer's girl.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 Ohio	case
3	Ohio	Ohio	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Grandpa	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 have	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 have	punct
6	Do	do	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 have	aux
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 have	advmod
8	have	have	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	1 Grandpa	parataxis
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 cow	det
10	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 have	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 gentleman	punct
12	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 gentleman	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 gentleman	cop
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 gentleman	det
15	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cow	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 better	punct
17	so	so	ADV	_	20 better	advmod
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 better	nsubj
19	IS	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 better	cop
20	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 have	conj
21	than	than	ADP	_	25 girl	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 jailer	det
23	jailer	jailer	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 girl	nmod:poss
24	's	's	PART	_	23 jailer	case
25	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 better	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 have	punct
27	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not have in a quote	do-support		a cow and a gentleman		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient
2	is a in a quote	present	Toad	a gentleman		tree rules
3	is in a quote	present	Toad		than a jailer's girl; good property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: (don't have a cow = calm down) What is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	4 have	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 have	advmod
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 cow	det
6	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 have	obj
7	=	=	SYM	_	8 calm	punct
8	calm	calm	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	4 have	parataxis
9	down	down	ADP	_	8 calm	compound:prt
10	)	)	PUNCT	_	8 calm	punct
11	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	13 right	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 right	cop
13	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 calm	ccomp
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	not have	imperative · do-support	you not said here	a cow		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient
2	calm down	infinitive				vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	is	present			right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Gentlemen are always better than jailers' daughters, as everyone knows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gentlemen	gentleman	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 better	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 better	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 better	advmod
4	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	8 daughters	case
6	jailers	jailer	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 daughters	nmod:poss
7	'	's	PART	_	6 jailers	case
8	daughters	daughter	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 better	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 knows	punct
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	12 knows	mark
11	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	12 knows	nsubj
12	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 better	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Gentlemen					than jailers's daughters; always, good property	tree rules
2	know	present	everyone						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

That's an old snobbish idea: being richer doesn't make anyone better

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 idea	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 idea	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 idea	det
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 idea	amod
5	snobbish	snobbish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 idea	amod
6	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 make	punct
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 richer	cop
9	richer	rich	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 make	csubj
10	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 make	aux
11	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 make	advmod
12	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 idea	parataxis
13	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 make	obj
14	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	That	a old snobbish idea		tree rules
2	is	gerund			rich property	tree rules
3	not make	present · do-support		anyone	good property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset anyone=Product

Option 3

That is a snobbish old idea, but being richer or higher in rank does not make someone better in character or kindness

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 idea	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 idea	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 idea	det
4	snobbish	snobbish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 idea	amod
5	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 idea	amod
6	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 richer	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 richer	cc
9	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 richer	cop
10	richer	rich	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 make	csubj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 higher	cc
12	higher	high	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 richer	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 rank	case
14	rank	rank	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 richer	obl
15	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 make	aux
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 make	advmod
17	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 idea	parataxis
18	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	17 make	obj
19	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 make	xcomp
20	in	in	ADP	_	21 character	case
21	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 make	obl
22	or	or	CCONJ	_	23 kindness	cc
23	kindness	kindness	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 character	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	That	a snobbish old idea			tree rules
2	is	gerund			rank	rich property	tree rules
3	be						tree rules
4	not make	present · do-support		someone	character or kindness	good property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset someone=Product

Option 4

Being a gentleman means having lots of money and property

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 gentleman	cop
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 gentleman	det
3	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	csubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	having	have	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 means	xcomp
6	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 having	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 money	case
8	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lots	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 property	cc
10	property	property	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 money	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	gerund	a gentleman	tree rules
2	mean	present		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	have not said to happen	gerund	lots of money and property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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