Exam question 2 · Greek Myths, Ion, part 42: a poisoned cup, a dove, and a s…

Which of the following accurately describes the means by which the infant was conveyed from the cave to Delphi?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: the · What happens: follow, describe, mean, convey · To what, where: infant, cave · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 2 of lesson 536 «Greek Myths, Ion, part 42: a poisoned cup, a dove, and a son found again» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 describes	advmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 means	nsubj
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 describes	ccomp
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 which	case
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 conveyed	obl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 infant	det
12	infant	infant	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 conveyed	nsubj:pass
13	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 conveyed	aux:pass
14	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 means	ccomp
15	from	from	ADP	_	17 cave	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 cave	det
17	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 conveyed	obl
18	to	to	ADP	_	19 Delphi	case
19	Delphi	Delphi	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 cave	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present				accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	mean	present	the				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	convey	past · passive		the infant	the cave to Delphi		vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: subject=Theme from cave=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He was carried there by Hermes, sent by Apollo, and laid on the temple steps at dawn

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 steps	csubj:pass
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 carried	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 Hermes	case
6	Hermes	Hermes	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sent	punct
8	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 carried	conj
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 Apollo	case
10	Apollo	Apollo	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 sent	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 laid	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 laid	cc
13	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 carried	conj
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 temple	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 temple	det
16	temple	temple	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 laid	obl
17	steps	step	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
18	at	at	ADP	_	19 dawn	case
19	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 steps	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	past · passive	Hermes	He	there			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	send	participle	Hermes not said here				by Apollo	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	lay	participle	Hermes not said here		the temple			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on temple=Destination
4	step	present				dawn		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

He was carried there by Hermes, sent by Apollo, wrapped in the wicker basket with the charms

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 carried	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 Hermes	case
6	Hermes	Hermes	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sent	punct
8	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 carried	conj
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 Apollo	case
10	Apollo	Apollo	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 sent	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 wrapped	punct
12	wrapped	wrap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 carried	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	16 basket	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 basket	det
15	wicker	wicker	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 basket	compound
16	basket	basket	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 wrapped	obl
17	with	with	ADP	_	19 charms	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 charms	det
19	charms	charm	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 basket	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	carry	past · passive	Hermes	He	there		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	send	participle	Hermes not said here			by Apollo	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	wrap	participle	Hermes not said here		the wicker basket with the charms		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in basket=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He was carried there by Hermes, sent by Apollo

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 carried	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 carried	aux:pass
3	carried	carry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 carried	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 Hermes	case
6	Hermes	Hermes	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 carried	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sent	punct
8	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 carried	conj
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 Apollo	case
10	Apollo	Apollo	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 sent	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	carry	past · passive	Hermes	He		there			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	send	participle	Hermes not said here					by Apollo	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

He was rowed there by fishermen on the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 rowed	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 rowed	aux:pass
3	rowed	row	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 rowed	advmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 fishermen	case
6	fishermen	fisherman	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 rowed	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 sea	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sea	det
9	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rowed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	row	past · passive	fishermen	He		the sea; there			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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