Exam question 2 · Myths of Greece and Rome, Theseus, part 54: Theseus loses…

In what manner did Theseus secure the political unity of the Attic communities?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Theseus · What happens: secure · To what, where: political unity, manner

This is exam question 2 of lesson 548 «Myths of Greece and Rome, Theseus, part 54: Theseus loses his throne and goes into exile» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 manner	case
2	what	what	DET	PronType=Int	3 manner	det
3	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 secure	obl
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 secure	aux
5	Theseus	Theseus	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 secure	nsubj
6	secure	secure	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 unity	det
8	political	political	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 unity	amod
9	unity	unity	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 secure	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	13 communities	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 communities	det
12	Attic	attic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 communities	amod
13	communities	community	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 unity	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 secure	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	secure	past · do-support	Theseus	the political unity of the Attic communities		what manner			vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition unity=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

By persuading their leaders to surrender sovereignty to a central court and to a single public festival in Athens

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 persuading	mark
2	persuading	persuade	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 leaders	nmod:poss
4	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 persuading	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 surrender	mark
6	surrender	surrender	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 persuading	advcl
7	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 surrender	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	11 court	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 court	det
10	central	central	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 court	amod
11	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 surrender	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 festival	cc
13	to	to	ADP	_	17 festival	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 festival	det
15	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 festival	amod
16	public	public	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 festival	amod
17	festival	festival	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 court	conj
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 Athens	case
19	Athens	Athens	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 festival	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	persuade	gerund		their leaders					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leader=Patient
2	surrender	to-infinitive		sovereignty	a central court and a single public festival in Athens				vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent sovereignty=Theme to court=Recipient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

By persuading their leaders to surrender sovereignty to a central court

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 persuading	mark
2	persuading	persuade	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 leaders	nmod:poss
4	leaders	leader	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 persuading	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 surrender	mark
6	surrender	surrender	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 persuading	advcl
7	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 surrender	obj
8	to	to	ADP	_	11 court	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 court	det
10	central	central	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 court	amod
11	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 surrender	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	persuade	gerund		their leaders					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leader=Patient
2	surrender	to-infinitive		sovereignty	a central court				vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent sovereignty=Theme to court=Recipient

Option 3

By persuading every local ruler to surrender sovereignty to a central court, a tribute council, and a shared treasury

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 persuading	mark
2	persuading	persuade	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 ruler	det
4	local	local	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 ruler	amod
5	ruler	ruler	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 persuading	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 surrender	mark
7	surrender	surrender	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 persuading	advcl
8	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 surrender	obj
9	to	to	ADP	_	12 court	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 court	det
11	central	central	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 court	amod
12	court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 surrender	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 council	punct
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 council	det
15	tribute	tribute	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 council	compound
16	council	council	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 court	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 treasury	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 treasury	cc
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 treasury	det
20	shared	share	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 treasury	amod
21	treasury	treasury	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 persuading	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	persuade	gerund	every local ruler		a shared treasury obl	vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ruler=Patient
2	surrender	to-infinitive	sovereignty	a central court a tribute council		vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent sovereignty=Theme to court=Recipient
3	share	participle				tree rules

Option 4

By arranging marriages between the leading families of each Attic community

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 arranging	mark
2	arranging	arrange	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	marriages	marriage	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 arranging	obj
4	between	between	ADP	_	7 families	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 families	det
6	leading	lead	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 families	amod
7	families	family	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 arranging	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 community	case
9	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	11 community	det
10	Attic	attic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 community	amod
11	community	community	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 families	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arrange	gerund		marriages		the leading families of each Attic community			vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent marriage=Theme between family=Destination
2	lead	gerund							vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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